Compact PrimeCache about mathtools HOT 3 OPEN

The recent changes in Primes included the addition of a private array insertion method, complementing the existing private readFromArray method. These two methods encapsulate the internal array data storage, and any transformations that are to be applied when reading and writing the array.

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The array data encapsulation is highly effective, supporting quick and easy upgrade in #124

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There are many creative solutions, each introducing some amount of complexity. It is important to determine what the ideal balance of memory and cpu usage is during operations, and throughout the life of the cache.

For example, does dividing the size of the data array in half outweigh a doubling of branches, or a significant increase in the number of arithmetic operations?

A reliable series of measurements of cpu time performance comparing the solutions will be used in the decision. These will be contrasted with the theoretical memory saved, including the ability of the solution to scale to larger prime numbers.

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