Webdriver++

A C++ client library for Selenium Webdriver. You can use this library in any C++ project.

Install

mkdir build
cd build && cmake ..
sudo make && sudo make install

A quick example

Dependencies

You need to download and run selenium-server before run this example. http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/

#include <webdriverxx/webdriverxx.h>
using namespace webdriverxx;

int main() {
    WebDriver firefox = Start(Firefox());
    firefox
        .Navigate("http://google.com")
        .FindElement(ByCss("input[name=q]"))
        .SendKeys("Hello, world!")
        .Submit();
    return 0;    
}

Features

Chainable commands.
Value-like objects compatible with STL containers.
Header-only.
Lightweight dependencies:
- libcurl,
- picojson.
Can be used with any testing framework.
Linux, Mac and Windows.
clang (3.4), GCC (4.6) and Visual Studio (2010).

More examples

#include <webdriverxx/webdriver.h> and using namespace webdriverxx are assumed in all examples.

Start browser

#include <webdriverxx/browsers/firefox.h>

WebDriver ff = Start(Firefox());

#include <webdriverxx/browsers/chrome.h>

WebDriver gc = Start(Chrome());

#include <webdriverxx/browsers/ie.h>

WebDriver ie = Start(InternetExplorer());

Use proxy

WebDriver ie = Start(InternetExplorer().SetProxy(
	SocksProxy("127.0.0.1:3128")
		.SetUsername("user")
		.SetPassword("12345")
		.SetNoProxyFor("custom.host")
	));

WebDriver ff = Start(Firefox().SetProxy(DirectConnection()));

Navigate browser

driver
	.Navigate("http://facebook.com")
	.Navigate("http://twitter.com")
	.Back()
	.Forward()
	.Refresh();

Find elements

// Throws exception if no match is found in the document
Element menu = driver.FindElement(ById("menu"));

// Returns empty vector if no such elements
// The search is performed inside the menu element
std::vector<Element> items = menu.FindElements(ByClass("item"));

Send keyboard input

// Sends text input or a shortcut to the element
driver.FindElement(ByTag("input")).SendKeys("Hello, world!");

// Sends text input or a shortcut to the active window
driver.SendKeys(Shortcut() << keys::Control << "t");

Execute Javascript

// Simple script, no parameters
driver.Execute("console.log('Hi there!')");

// A script with one parameter
driver.Execute("document.title = arguments[0]", JsArgs() << "Cowabunga!");

// A script with more than one parameter
driver.Execute("document.title = arguments[0] + '-' + arguments[1]",
		JsArgs() << "Beep" << "beep");

// Arrays or containers can also be used as parameters
const char* ss[] = { "Yabba", "dabba", "doo" };
driver.Execute("document.title = arguments[0].join(', ')", JsArgs() << ss);

// Even an Element can be passed to a script
auto element = driver.FindElement(ByTag("input"));
driver.Execute("arguments[0].value = 'That was nuts!'", JsArgs() << element);

Get something from Javascript

// Scalar types
auto title = driver.Eval<std::string>("return document.title")
auto number = driver.Eval<int>("return 123");
auto another_number = driver.Eval<double>("return 123.5");
auto flag = driver.Eval<bool>("return true");

// Containers (all std::back_inserter compatible)
std::vector<std::string> v = driver.Eval<std::vector<std::string>>(
		"return [ 'abc', 'def' ]"
		);

// Elements!
Element document_element = driver.Eval<Element>("return document.documentElement");

Wait implicitly for asynchronous operations

driver.SetImplicitTimeoutMs(5000);

// Should poll the DOM for 5 seconds before throwing an exception.
auto element = driver.FindElement(ByName("async_element"));

Wait explicitly for asynchronous operations

#include <webdriverxx/wait.h>

auto find_element = [&]{ return driver.FindElement(ById("async_element")); };
Element element = WaitForValue(find_element);

#include <webdriverxx/wait.h>

auto element_is_selected = [&]{
	return driver.FindElement(ById("asynchronously_loaded_element")).IsSelected();
	};
WaitUntil(element_is_selected);

Use matchers from Google Mock for waiting

#define WEBDRIVERXX_ENABLE_GMOCK_MATCHERS
#include <webdriverxx/wait_match.h>

driver.Navigate("http://initial_url.host.net");
auto url = [&]{ return driver.GetUrl(); };
using namespace ::testing;
auto final_url = WaitForMatch(url, HasSubstr("some_magic"));

Testing with real browsers

Prerequisites:

Selenium Server

selenium-server -p 4444 &
./webdriverxx --browser=<firefox|chrome|...>

Advanced topics

Unicode

The library is designed to be encoding-agnostic. It doesn't make any assumptions about encodings. All strings are transferred as is, without modifications.

The WebDriver protocol is based on UTF-8, so all strings passed to the library/received from the library should be/are encoded using UTF-8.

Thread safety

Webdriver++ objects are not thread safe. It is not safe to use neither any single object nor different objects obtained from a single WebDriver concurrently without synchronization. On the other side, Webdriver++ objects don't use global variables so it is OK to use different instances of WebDriver in different threads.
The CURL library should be explicitly initialized if several WebDrivers are used from multiple threads. Call curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL); from <curl/curl.h> once per process before using this library.

Use common capabilities for all browsers

Capabilities common;
common.SetProxy(DirectConnection());
auto ff = Start(Firefox(common));
auto ie = Start(InternetExplorer(common));
auto gc = Start(Chrome(common));

Use required capabilities

Capabilities required = /* ... */;
auto ff = Start(Firefox(), required);

Use custom URL for connecting to WebDriver

const char* url = "http://localhost:4444/wd/hub/";

auto ff = Start(Firefox(), url);

// or
auto ff = Start(Firefox(), Capabilities() /* required */, url);

Transfer objects between C++ and Javascript

namespace custom {

struct Object {
	std::string string;
	int number;
};

// Conversion functions should be in the same namespace as the object
picojson::value CustomToJson(const Object& value) {
	return JsonObject()
		.Set("string", value.string)
		.Set("number", value.number);
}

void CustomFromJson(const picojson::value& value, Object& result) {
	assert(value.is<picojson::object>());
	result.string = FromJson<std::string>(value.get("string"));
	result.number = FromJson<int>(value.get("number"));
}

} // namespace custom

custom::Object o1 = { "abc", 123 };
driver.Execute("var o1 = arguments[0];", JsArgs() << o1);
custom::Object o1_copy = driver.Eval<custom::Object>("return o1");
custom::Object o2 = driver.Eval<custom::Object>("return { string: 'abc', number: 123 }");

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