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Learn Microservices with SpringBoot 3 (3rd edition) - Chapter 3

Java 100.00%

architecture aspectj auto-configuration bdd domain-driven-design jakartaee10 java java-17 learn-microservices microservices mockito modular-monolith monolith-first spring-boot-3 tdd

chapter03's Introduction

Learn Microservices with Spring Boot 3 (3rd edition) - Chapter 3

This repository contains the source code of the practical use case described in the book Learn Microservices with Spring Boot 3 (3rd Edition) . The book follows a pragmatic approach to building a Microservice Architecture. You start with a small monolith and examine the pros and cons that come with a move to microservices.

Chapter 3 version

In Chapter 3, the goal is to build a Spring Boot application according to good practices:

Domain-Driven Design. We analyze the boundaries of the Users and Challenges domains.
3-layer Application Design. This chapter focuses on two of the layers: Controller, and Service.
Test-Driven Development. You write tests before building the functionalities.
Monolith First. We keep two domains separate by using different root packages.

The next figure shows the status of the Multiplication application by the end of the Chapter, as it's also included in this repository.

There are two functional domains included in this first application: Users, and Challenges. See the figure below.

Running the app

Note: You need to use JDK version 17 to run this project.

To start the Spring Boot application, you can use the command line with the included Maven wrapper:

$ ./mvnw spring-boot:run

Questions

Do you have questions about how to make this application work?
Did you get the book and have questions about any concept explained within this chapter?
Have you found issues using updated dependencies? Don't hesitate to create an issue in this repository and post your question/problem there.

About the book

Are you interested in building a microservice architecture from scratch? You'll face all the challenges of designing and implementing a distributed system one by one, and will be able to evaluate if it's the best choice for your project.

Purchase

You can buy the book online from these stores:

Apress
Amazon and other online stores.

Source code by chapter (all repositories are available on Github)

Extra chapters:

E.1. End-to-End Microservice tests with Cucumber

chapter03's People

Contributors

Stargazers

Forkers

nkgolol

chapter03's Issues

org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException: Unable to initialize @Spy annotated field 'random'.

when running test ChallengeGeneratorServiceTest received error

org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException: Unable to initialize @SPY annotated field 'random'.

Mockito cannot mock this class: class java.util.Random.

Mockito cannot mock this class: class java.util.Random. when running test ChallengeGeneratorServiceTest.java

Receiving error when running test ChallengeGeneratorServiceTest that Mockito cannot mock this class. I tried changing to @mock but got a similar error.

C:\dev\jdk-22\bin\java.exe -ea -Didea.test.cyclic.buffer.size=1048576 "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2023.3.6\lib\idea_rt.jar=58360:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2023.3.6\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Dsun.stdout.encoding=UTF-8 -Dsun.stderr.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\junit\platform\junit-platform-launcher\1.9.3\junit-platform-launcher-1.9.3.jar;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2023.3.6\lib\idea_rt.jar;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2023.3.6\plugins\junit\lib\junit5-rt.jar;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2023.3.6\plugins\junit\lib\junit-rt.jar;C:\dev\projects\chapter03\multiplication\target\test-classes;C:\dev\projects\chapter03\multiplication\target\classes;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-web\3.1.0\spring-boot-starter-web-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter\3.1.0\spring-boot-starter-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot\3.1.0\spring-boot-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-autoconfigure\3.1.0\spring-boot-autoconfigure-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-logging\3.1.0\spring-boot-starter-logging-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-classic\1.4.7\logback-classic-1.4.7.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\ch\qos\logback\logback-core\1.4.7\logback-core-1.4.7.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\apache\logging\log4j\log4j-to-slf4j\2.20.0\log4j-to-slf4j-2.20.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\apache\logging\log4j\log4j-api\2.20.0\log4j-api-2.20.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\slf4j\jul-to-slf4j\2.0.7\jul-to-slf4j-2.0.7.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\jakarta\annotation\jakarta.annotation-api\2.1.1\jakarta.annotation-api-2.1.1.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\yaml\snakeyaml\1.33\snakeyaml-1.33.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-json\3.1.0\spring-boot-starter-json-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-databind\2.15.0\jackson-databind-2.15.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-annotations\2.15.0\jackson-annotations-2.15.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\core\jackson-core\2.15.0\jackson-core-2.15.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\datatype\jackson-datatype-jdk8\2.15.0\jackson-datatype-jdk8-2.15.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\datatype\jackson-datatype-jsr310\2.15.0\jackson-datatype-jsr310-2.15.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\com\fasterxml\jackson\module\jackson-module-parameter-names\2.15.0\jackson-module-parameter-names-2.15.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-tomcat\3.1.0\spring-boot-starter-tomcat-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-core\10.1.8\tomcat-embed-core-10.1.8.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-el\10.1.8\tomcat-embed-el-10.1.8.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\apache\tomcat\embed\tomcat-embed-websocket\10.1.8\tomcat-embed-websocket-10.1.8.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-web\6.0.9\spring-web-6.0.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-beans\6.0.9\spring-beans-6.0.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\io\micrometer\micrometer-observation\1.11.0\micrometer-observation-1.11.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\io\micrometer\micrometer-commons\1.11.0\micrometer-commons-1.11.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-webmvc\6.0.9\spring-webmvc-6.0.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-aop\6.0.9\spring-aop-6.0.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-context\6.0.9\spring-context-6.0.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-expression\6.0.9\spring-expression-6.0.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\projectlombok\lombok\1.18.30\lombok-1.18.30.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-starter-test\3.1.0\spring-boot-starter-test-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-test\3.1.0\spring-boot-test-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\boot\spring-boot-test-autoconfigure\3.1.0\spring-boot-test-autoconfigure-3.1.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\com\jayway\jsonpath\json-path\2.8.0\json-path-2.8.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\2.0.7\slf4j-api-2.0.7.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\jakarta\xml\bind\jakarta.xml.bind-api\4.0.0\jakarta.xml.bind-api-4.0.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\jakarta\activation\jakarta.activation-api\2.1.2\jakarta.activation-api-2.1.2.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\net\minidev\json-smart\2.4.10\json-smart-2.4.10.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\net\minidev\accessors-smart\2.4.9\accessors-smart-2.4.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\ow2\asm\asm\9.3\asm-9.3.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\assertj\assertj-core\3.24.2\assertj-core-3.24.2.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\net\bytebuddy\byte-buddy\1.14.4\byte-buddy-1.14.4.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\hamcrest\hamcrest\2.2\hamcrest-2.2.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\junit\jupiter\junit-jupiter\5.9.3\junit-jupiter-5.9.3.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\junit\jupiter\junit-jupiter-api\5.9.3\junit-jupiter-api-5.9.3.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\opentest4j\opentest4j\1.2.0\opentest4j-1.2.0.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\junit\platform\junit-platform-commons\1.9.3\junit-platform-commons-1.9.3.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\apiguardian\apiguardian-api\1.1.2\apiguardian-api-1.1.2.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\junit\jupiter\junit-jupiter-params\5.9.3\junit-jupiter-params-5.9.3.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\junit\jupiter\junit-jupiter-engine\5.9.3\junit-jupiter-engine-5.9.3.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\junit\platform\junit-platform-engine\1.9.3\junit-platform-engine-1.9.3.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\mockito\mockito-core\5.3.1\mockito-core-5.3.1.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\net\bytebuddy\byte-buddy-agent\1.14.4\byte-buddy-agent-1.14.4.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\objenesis\objenesis\3.3\objenesis-3.3.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\mockito\mockito-junit-jupiter\5.3.1\mockito-junit-jupiter-5.3.1.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\skyscreamer\jsonassert\1.5.1\jsonassert-1.5.1.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\com\vaadin\external\google\android-json\0.0.20131108.vaadin1\android-json-0.0.20131108.vaadin1.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-core\6.0.9\spring-core-6.0.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-jcl\6.0.9\spring-jcl-6.0.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\springframework\spring-test\6.0.9\spring-test-6.0.9.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\org\xmlunit\xmlunit-core\2.9.1\xmlunit-core-2.9.1.jar;C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\jakarta\validation\jakarta.validation-api\3.0.2\jakarta.validation-api-3.0.2.jar" com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter -ideVersion5 -junit5 microservices.book.multiplication.challenge.ChallengeGeneratorServiceTest
WARNING: A Java agent has been loaded dynamically (C:\Users\Darren Davie.m2\repository\net\bytebuddy\byte-buddy-agent\1.14.4\byte-buddy-agent-1.14.4.jar)
WARNING: If a serviceability tool is in use, please run with -XX:+EnableDynamicAgentLoading to hide this warning
WARNING: If a serviceability tool is not in use, please run with -Djdk.instrument.traceUsage for more information
WARNING: Dynamic loading of agents will be disallowed by default in a future release
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: Sharing is only supported for boot loader classes because bootstrap classpath has been appended

org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException: Unable to initialize @SPY annotated field 'random'.

Mockito cannot mock this class: class java.util.Random.

If you're not sure why you're getting this error, please open an issue on GitHub.

Java : 22
JVM vendor name : Oracle Corporation
JVM vendor version : 22+36-2370
JVM name : OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM
JVM version : 22+36-2370
JVM info : mixed mode, sharing
OS name : Windows 11
OS version : 10.0

You are seeing this disclaimer because Mockito is configured to create inlined mocks.
You can learn about inline mocks and their limitations under item #39 of the Mockito class javadoc.

at org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension.beforeEach(MockitoExtension.java:153)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeBeforeEachCallbacks$2(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:166)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeBeforeMethodsOrCallbacksUntilExceptionOccurs$6(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:202)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeBeforeMethodsOrCallbacksUntilExceptionOccurs(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:202)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeBeforeEachCallbacks(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:165)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:132)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:68)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:151)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1597)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1597)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:35)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:54)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:147)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:127)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:90)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute$0(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:55)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:102)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:114)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:86)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncherSession$DelegatingLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncherSession.java:86)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.SessionPerRequestLauncher.execute(SessionPerRequestLauncher.java:53)
at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:57)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater$1.execute(IdeaTestRunner.java:38)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.TestsRepeater.repeat(TestsRepeater.java:11)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:35)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:232)
at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:55)
Suppressed: java.lang.NullPointerException: Cannot invoke "java.util.Set.forEach(java.util.function.Consumer)" because the return value of "org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtensionContext$Store.remove(Object, java.lang.Class)" is null
	at org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension.afterEach(MockitoExtension.java:184)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeAfterEachCallbacks$12(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:260)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeAllAfterMethodsOrCallbacks$13(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:276)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeAllAfterMethodsOrCallbacks$14(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:276)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1597)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeAllAfterMethodsOrCallbacks(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:275)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeAfterEachCallbacks(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:259)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:144)
	... 48 more

Caused by: org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException:
Mockito cannot mock this class: class java.util.Random.

If you're not sure why you're getting this error, please open an issue on GitHub.

You are seeing this disclaimer because Mockito is configured to create inlined mocks.
You can learn about inline mocks and their limitations under item #39 of the Mockito class javadoc.

Underlying exception : org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException: Could not modify all classes [interface java.io.Serializable, class java.lang.Object, class java.util.Random, interface java.util.random.RandomGenerator]
... 55 more
Caused by: org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException: Could not modify all classes [interface java.io.Serializable, class java.lang.Object, class java.util.Random, interface java.util.random.RandomGenerator]
at net.bytebuddy.TypeCache.findOrInsert(TypeCache.java:168)
at net.bytebuddy.TypeCache$WithInlineExpunction.findOrInsert(TypeCache.java:399)
at net.bytebuddy.TypeCache.findOrInsert(TypeCache.java:190)
at net.bytebuddy.TypeCache$WithInlineExpunction.findOrInsert(TypeCache.java:410)
... 55 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException:
Byte Buddy could not instrument all classes within the mock's type hierarchy

This problem should never occur for javac-compiled classes. This problem has been observed for classes that are:

Compiled by older versions of scalac
Classes that are part of the Android distribution
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.InlineBytecodeGenerator.triggerRetransformation(InlineBytecodeGenerator.java:285)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.InlineBytecodeGenerator.mockClass(InlineBytecodeGenerator.java:218)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.TypeCachingBytecodeGenerator.lambda$mockClass$0(TypeCachingBytecodeGenerator.java:47)
at net.bytebuddy.TypeCache.findOrInsert(TypeCache.java:168)
at net.bytebuddy.TypeCache$WithInlineExpunction.findOrInsert(TypeCache.java:399)
at net.bytebuddy.TypeCache.findOrInsert(TypeCache.java:190)
at net.bytebuddy.TypeCache$WithInlineExpunction.findOrInsert(TypeCache.java:410)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.TypeCachingBytecodeGenerator.mockClass(TypeCachingBytecodeGenerator.java:40)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.InlineDelegateByteBuddyMockMaker.createMockType(InlineDelegateByteBuddyMockMaker.java:396)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.InlineDelegateByteBuddyMockMaker.doCreateMock(InlineDelegateByteBuddyMockMaker.java:355)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.InlineDelegateByteBuddyMockMaker.createMock(InlineDelegateByteBuddyMockMaker.java:334)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.InlineByteBuddyMockMaker.createMock(InlineByteBuddyMockMaker.java:56)
at org.mockito.internal.util.MockUtil.createMock(MockUtil.java:99)
at org.mockito.internal.MockitoCore.mock(MockitoCore.java:88)
at org.mockito.Mockito.mock(Mockito.java:2101)
at org.mockito.internal.configuration.SpyAnnotationEngine.spyNewInstance(SpyAnnotationEngine.java:136)
at org.mockito.internal.configuration.SpyAnnotationEngine.process(SpyAnnotationEngine.java:70)
at org.mockito.internal.configuration.InjectingAnnotationEngine.processIndependentAnnotations(InjectingAnnotationEngine.java:75)
at org.mockito.internal.configuration.InjectingAnnotationEngine.process(InjectingAnnotationEngine.java:47)
at org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(MockitoAnnotations.java:81)
at org.mockito.internal.framework.DefaultMockitoSession.(DefaultMockitoSession.java:43)
at org.mockito.internal.session.DefaultMockitoSessionBuilder.startMocking(DefaultMockitoSessionBuilder.java:83)
... 55 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Java 22 (66) is not supported by the current version of Byte Buddy which officially supports Java 21 (65) - update Byte Buddy or set net.bytebuddy.experimental as a VM property
at net.bytebuddy.utility.OpenedClassReader.of(OpenedClassReader.java:96)
at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.TypeWriter$Default$ForInlining.create(TypeWriter.java:4011)
at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.scaffold.TypeWriter$Default.make(TypeWriter.java:2224)
at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.DynamicType$Builder$AbstractBase$UsingTypeWriter.make(DynamicType.java:4050)
at net.bytebuddy.dynamic.DynamicType$Builder$AbstractBase.make(DynamicType.java:3734)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.InlineBytecodeGenerator.transform(InlineBytecodeGenerator.java:402)
at java.instrument/java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer.transform(ClassFileTransformer.java:242)
at java.instrument/sun.instrument.TransformerManager.transform(TransformerManager.java:188)
at java.instrument/sun.instrument.InstrumentationImpl.transform(InstrumentationImpl.java:610)
at java.instrument/sun.instrument.InstrumentationImpl.retransformClasses0(Native Method)
at java.instrument/sun.instrument.InstrumentationImpl.retransformClasses(InstrumentationImpl.java:225)
at org.mockito.internal.creation.bytebuddy.InlineBytecodeGenerator.triggerRetransformation(InlineBytecodeGenerator.java:281)
... 76 more

Chapter 03: ChallengeGeneratorServiceTest.java - @Mock can also be used, instead of @Spy

In the book, it mentions to use @SPY for random field in the ChallengeGeneratorServiceTest.java. But i am able to use @mock, and the testing still passed. I am currently using spring boot 3.2.0. Any idea why?

In the book. it also mentions "since the basic Java classes implementing random generators do not work on interfaces (which you could then simply mock instead of spy), not sure if can elaborate on this, cos not sure what that mean.

error when comiling java: java.lang.NoSuchFieldError: Class com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree$JCImport

Got error
java: java.lang.NoSuchFieldError: Class com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree$JCImport does not have member field 'com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree qualid'

found that the latest lombock version does not work with Java 17. Changed the version in the POM to
1.18.30
and there error was resolved

Not sure if this is the right version to use as I got another error to do with @SPY which I will log separately.
Using Java 17 and as specified in the master project. No other changes were done.

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