[ Copy-pasted from https://github.com/gramineproject/gramine/discussions/1709 ]

I recently tried Apache Kafka with Kafka Python (confluent-kafka Python package).

Latest Gramine (v1.6) works without any problems, at least on the example Kafka Producer and Kafka Consumer Python scripts that I was given.

Here I'll describe how to adapt our existing Python CI example to Kafka Python. Unfortunately I was given a private Kafka instance, with closed-source Python scripts. So I anonymize these parts.

Preparation

I tried on Ubuntu 20.04, with Gramine v1.6. First, install Kafka:

# sudo needed to install into system-wide Python dirs where Gramine Python example looks for files
$ sudo pip3 install confluent-kafka

For Kafka Python example, I copy-pasted the existing Gramine Python example into a new dir:

cd gramine/CI-Examples
cp -r python kafka-python
cd kafka-python

There are the new files I added:

$ gramine/CI-Examples/kafka-python$ tree
├── python.manifest.template  # modified, see diff below
├── example.json              # kafka-producer.py sends contents of this file to Kafka
├── kafka-ca.pem              # Kafka's CA certificate
├── kafka-user.key            # my user's private key to log in Kafka
├── kafka-user.pem            # my user's certificate to log in Kafka
├── ...
└── scripts
    ├── kafka-consumer.py
    ├── kafka-producer.py
    ├── ...

The kafka-consumer.py script basically does this:

from confluent_kafka import Consumer

c = Consumer(conf, logger=logger)
c.subscribe(topics)

while True:
    msg = c.poll(timeout=1.0)
    print(msg.value(), flush=True)

The kafka-producer.py script basically does this:

from confluent_kafka import Producer

p = Producer(conf)
p.produce(topic, message)

Gramine manifest

The manifest is modified like this:

diff --git a/python/python.manifest.template b/kafka-python/python.manifest.template
index 2b04d279..931719e7 100644
--- a/python/python.manifest.template
+++ b/kafka-python/python.manifest.template
@@ -52,4 +52,13 @@ sgx.trusted_files = [
 {% endfor %}
   "file:scripts/",
   "file:helper-files/",
+
+  "file:kafka-user.key",
+  "file:kafka-user.pem",
+  "file:kafka-ca.pem",
+  "file:example.json",
+]
+
+sgx.allowed_files = [
+  "file:data.log",   # file created by Kafka for logging
 ]

NOTE: Many parts of the original Python manifest can be removed, as they are not required by Kafka. Left as an exercise for readers.

Running

I ran my example scripts like this:

gramine-sgx python scripts/kafka-producer.py \
    --auth kafka-ca.pem kafka-user.pem kafka-user.key <passphrase> \
    <kafka-broker-address>:9092 TestTopic example.json

gramine-sgx python scripts/kafka-consumer.py \
    --auth kafka-ca.pem kafka-user.pem kafka-user.key <passphrase> \
    <kafka-broker-address>:9092 INTEL latest TestTopic

Located here: https://github.com/intel/confidential-computing-demos/tree/main/intel-sgx