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MYSQL单机多实例配置

一、创建安装目录

mkdir  /usr/local/mysql-s-5.6.32
mkdir  /usr/local/mysql-m-5.6.32

下载文件

可从 http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ 下载新版本

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.32.tar.gz
tar -zxv -f mysql-5.6.32.tar.gz

二、编译命令

1、主编参数

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/data/mysql-m-5.6.32 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql-m-5.6.32/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/data/mysql-m-5.6.32/etc \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql-m-5.6.32/data \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=63306 \
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=0

2、从编译参数

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/data/mysql-s-5.6.32 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql-s-5.6.32/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/data/mysql-s-5.6.32 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql-s-5.6.32/data \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=73306 \
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=0

重新运行配置，需要删除CMakeCache.txt文件

rm CMakeCache.txt

三、编译

make
make install

四、修改目录所有者和组

1、主库：

cd /data/mysql-m-5.6.32
chown -R mysql:mysql .

2、从库:

cd /data/mysql-s-5.6.32
chown -R mysql:mysql .

五、初始化数据库

1、主库：

cd /usr/local/mysql
sudo scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql-m-5.6.32/data/ --basedir=/data/mysql-m-5.6.32/ --defaults-file=/data/mysql-m-5.6.32/my.cnf

2、从库：

sudo scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql-s-5.6.32/data/ --basedir=/data/mysql-s-5.6.32/ --defaults-file=/data/mysql-s-5.6.32/my.cnf

导入成功后，会在 /data/mysql-s-5.6.32/ 或 /data/mysql-m-5.6.32/ （即数据库主目录）下自动生成一个my.cnf 文件，即配置文件，将下面的举例文件，修改后添加进去就可以了。

[client]
character-set-server = utf8
port    = 63306
socket  = /data/mysql-m-5.6.32/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user    = mysql
port    = 63306
socket  = /data/mysql-m-5.6.32/mysql.sock
basedir = /data/mysql-m-5.6.32
datadir = /data/mysql-m-5.6.32/data
log-error = /data/mysql-m-5.6.32/mysql_error.log
pid-file = /data/mysql-m-5.6.32/mysql.pid

六、复制服务文件和添加到PATH

1、主服务

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld-m

2、从服务

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld-s

3、如果单机单镜像，最好按着下面的，添加系统环境变量

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

vim /etc/profile

# 添加以下内容
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
export PATH

source /etc/profile

七、启动并加入开机启动

chkconfig mysql-m on
service mysql-m start  --启动MySQL

如果提示下面的错误：

ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql-s-5.6.32/mysql.pid).

用下面的命令启动
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql-s start

八、检查启动情况

# 方法一
netstat -tulnp | grep 63306
# 方法二
mysql -u root -P 63306
# 活着sock登陆
mysql -uroot -P63306 -S /data/mysql-m-5.6.32/mysql.sock

密码为空，如果能登陆上，则安装成功

九、修改root密码

在编译后的etc目录中

./mysqladmin -u root password '123456’ -P63306

十、相关错误

# 问题：
Starting MySQL..The server quit without updating PID file ([FAILED]/mysql/Server03.mylinux.com.pid).
# 解决：
修改/etc/my.cnf 中datadir,指向正确的mysql数据库文件目录
# 问题：
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
# 解决：
# 新建一个链接或在mysql中加入-S参数，直接指出mysql.sock位置。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -S /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
# MySQL问题解决：-bash:mysql:command not found
# 因为mysql命令的路径在/usr/local/mysql/bin下面,所以你直接使用mysql命令时,
# 系统在/usr/bin下面查此命令,所以找不到了
# 解决办法是：
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
# 或将路径添加到环境变量中

付编译参数说明

参数名 含意
DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=dir_name 设置mysql安装目录
DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=file_name 设置监听套接字路径，这必须是一个绝对路径名。默认为/tmp/mysql.sock
DDEFAULT_CHARSET=charset_name 设置服务器的字符集。缺省情况下，MySQL使用latin1的（CP1252西欧）字符集。cmake/character_sets.cmake文件包含允许的字符集名称列表
DDEFAULT_COLLATION=collation_name 设置服务器的排序规则。
DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 存储引擎选项：MyISAM，MERGE，MEMORY，和CSV引擎是默认编译到服务器中，并不需要明确地安装。静态编译一个存储引擎到服务器，使用DWITH_engine_STORAGE_ENGINE= 1 可用的存储引擎值有：ARCHIVE, BLACKHOLE, EXAMPLE, FEDERATED, INNOBASE (InnoDB)， PARTITION (partitioning support), 和PERFSCHEMA (Performance Schema)
DMYSQL_DATADIR=dir_name 设置mysql数据库文件目录
DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=port_num 设置mysql服务器监听端口，默认为3306
DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=bool 是否要下载可选的文件。例如，启用此选项（设置为1），cmake将下载谷歌所使用的测试套件运行单元测试。

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