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airbnb_clone's Introduction

Project Name

0x00. AirBnB clone - The console

Table of Contents

Author Details

  1. Eyob Ketema - [email protected]

Requirements

  • Allowed editors: vi, vim, emacs.
  • All your files will be interpreted/compiled on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS using python3 (version 3.8.5).
  • The first line of all your files should be exactly #!/usr/bin/python3.
  • Your code should use the pycodestyle (version 2.8.*).
  • All your files must be executable.
  • All your test files should be inside a folder tests.
  • All your test files should be text files (extension: .txt).
  • All your tests should be executed by using this command: python3 -m doctest ./tests/*.
  • The length of your files will be tested using wc.
  • All your modules should have a documentation (python3 -c 'print(__import__("my_module").__doc__)').
  • All your classes should have a documentation (python3 -c 'print(__import__("my_module").MyClass.__doc__)').
  • All your functions (inside and outside a class) should have a documentation (python3 -c 'print(__import__("my_module").my_function.__doc__)' and python3 -c 'print(__import__("my_module").MyClass.my_function.__doc__)').
  • A documentation is not a simple word, it’s a real sentence explaining what’s the purpose of the module, class or method (the length of it will be verified).

Project Description

Learn how to create a Python package. How to create a command interpreter in Python using the cmd module. What is Unit testing and how to implement it in a large project. How to serialize and deserialize a Class. How to write and read a JSON file. How to manage datetime. What is an UUID. What is *args and how to use it. What is **kwargs and how to use it. How to handle named arguments in a function.

Commmand Interpreter Description and Execution

Start the command interpreter as shown below:

$ ./console.py
(hbnb) help

Documented commands (type help <topic>):
========================================
EOF  help  quit

(hbnb)
(hbnb)
(hbnb) quit
$

But also it can be started like this in non-interactive mode: (like the Shell project in C):

$ echo "help" | ./console.py
(hbnb)

Documented commands (type help <topic>):
========================================
EOF  help  quit
(hbnb)
$
$ cat test_help
help
$
$ cat test_help | ./console.py
(hbnb)

Documented commands (type help <topic>):
========================================
EOF  help  quit
(hbnb)

How to Use it with Examples

Example 1

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) all MyModel
** class doesn't exist **
(hbnb) show BaseModel
** instance id missing **
(hbnb) show BaseModel My_First_Model
** no instance found **
(hbnb) create BaseModel
49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
(hbnb) all BaseModel
["[BaseModel] (49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907) {'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903293), 'id': '49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903300)}"]
(hbnb) show BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
[BaseModel] (49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907) {'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903293), 'id': '49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903300)}
(hbnb) destroy
** class name missing **
(hbnb) update BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907 first_name "Betty"
(hbnb) show BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
[BaseModel] (49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'id': '49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903293), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 11, 3, 49401)}
(hbnb) create BaseModel
2dd6ef5c-467c-4f82-9521-a772ea7d84e9
(hbnb) all BaseModel
["[BaseModel] (2dd6ef5c-467c-4f82-9521-a772ea7d84e9) {'id': '2dd6ef5c-467c-4f82-9521-a772ea7d84e9', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 11, 23, 639717), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 11, 23, 639724)}", "[BaseModel] (49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'id': '49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903293), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 11, 3, 49401)}"]
(hbnb) destroy BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
(hbnb) show BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
** no instance found **
(hbnb)

Example 2

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) User.all()
[[User] (246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611352), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611363), 'password': '63a9f0ea7bb98050796b649e85481845', 'email': '[email protected]', 'id': '246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68'}, [User] (38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848279), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848291), 'password': 'b9be11166d72e9e3ae7fd407165e4bd2', 'email': '[email protected]', 'id': '38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88'}]
(hbnb)

Tasks

2. Unittests

All your files, classes, functions must be tested with unit tests.

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ python3 -m unittest discover tests
...................................................................................
...................................................................................
.......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 189 tests in 13.135s

OK
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$

Unit tests must also pass in non-interactive mode:

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ echo "python3 -m unittest discover tests" | bash
...................................................................................
...................................................................................
.......................
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 189 tests in 13.135s

OK
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$

3. BaseModel

Write a class BaseModel that defines all common attributes/methods for other classes:

  • models/base_model.py.
  • Public instance attributes:
    • id: string - assign with an uuid when an instance is created:
      • you can use uuid.uuid4() to generate unique id but don’t forget to convert to a string.
      • the goal is to have unique id for each BaseModel.
    • created_at: datetime - assign with the current datetime when an instance is created.
    • updated_at: datetime - assign with the current datetime when an instance is created and it will be updated every time you change your object.
  • __str__: should print: [<class name>] (<self.id>) <self.__dict__>.
  • Public instance methods:
    • save(self): updates the public instance attribute updated_at with the current datetime.
    • to_dict(self): returns a dictionary containing all keys/values of __dict__ of the instance:
      • by using self.__dict__, only instance attributes set will be returned.
      • a key __class__ must be added to this dictionary with the class name of the object.
      • created_at and updated_at must be converted to string object in ISO format:
        • format: %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f (ex: 2017-06-14T22:31:03.285259).
        • you can use isoformat() of datetime object.
      • This method will be the first piece of the serialization/deserialization process: create a dictionary representation with “simple object type” of our BaseModel.
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat test_base_model.py
#!/usr/bin/python3
from models.base_model import BaseModel

my_model = BaseModel()
my_model.name = "My First Model"
my_model.my_number = 89
print(my_model)
my_model.save()
print(my_model)
my_model_json = my_model.to_dict()
print(my_model_json)
print("JSON of my_model:")
for key in my_model_json.keys():
    print("\t{}: ({}) - {}".format(key, type(my_model_json[key]), my_model_json[key]))

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./test_base_model.py
[BaseModel] (b6a6e15c-c67d-4312-9a75-9d084935e579) {'my_number': 89, 'name': 'My First Model', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 5, 54, 119434), 'id': 'b6a6e15c-c67d-4312-9a75-9d084935e579', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 5, 54, 119427)}
[BaseModel] (b6a6e15c-c67d-4312-9a75-9d084935e579) {'my_number': 89, 'name': 'My First Model', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 5, 54, 119572), 'id': 'b6a6e15c-c67d-4312-9a75-9d084935e579', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 5, 54, 119427)}
{'my_number': 89, 'name': 'My First Model', '__class__': 'BaseModel', 'updated_at': '2017-09-28T21:05:54.119572', 'id': 'b6a6e15c-c67d-4312-9a75-9d084935e579', 'created_at': '2017-09-28T21:05:54.119427'}
JSON of my_model:
    my_number: (<class 'int'>) - 89
    name: (<class 'str'>) - My First Model
    __class__: (<class 'str'>) - BaseModel
    updated_at: (<class 'str'>) - 2017-09-28T21:05:54.119572
    id: (<class 'str'>) - b6a6e15c-c67d-4312-9a75-9d084935e579
    created_at: (<class 'str'>) - 2017-09-28T21:05:54.119427

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$

4. Create BaseModel from dictionary

Previously we created a method to generate a dictionary representation of an instance (method to_dict()).

Now it’s time to re-create an instance with this dictionary representation:

<class 'BaseModel'> -> to_dict() -> <class 'dict'> -> <class 'BaseModel'>

Update models/base_model.py:

  • __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    • you will use *args, **kwargs arguments for the constructor of a BaseModel. (more information inside the AirBnB clone concept page).
    • *args won’t be used.
    • if kwargs is not empty:
      • each key of this dictionary is an attribute name (Note __class__ from kwargs is the only one that should not be added as an attribute. See the example output, below).
      • each value of this dictionary is the value of this attribute name.
      • Warning: created_at and updated_at are strings in this dictionary, but inside your BaseModel instance is working with datetime object. You have to convert these strings into datetime object. Tip: you know the string format of these datetime.
    • otherwise:
      • create id and created_at as you did previously (new instance).
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat test_base_model_dict.py
#!/usr/bin/python3
from models.base_model import BaseModel

my_model = BaseModel()
my_model.name = "My_First_Model"
my_model.my_number = 89
print(my_model.id)
print(my_model)
print(type(my_model.created_at))
print("--")
my_model_json = my_model.to_dict()
print(my_model_json)
print("JSON of my_model:")
for key in my_model_json.keys():
    print("\t{}: ({}) - {}".format(key, type(my_model_json[key]), my_model_json[key]))

print("--")
my_new_model = BaseModel(**my_model_json)
print(my_new_model.id)
print(my_new_model)
print(type(my_new_model.created_at))

print("--")
print(my_model is my_new_model)

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./test_base_model_dict.py
56d43177-cc5f-4d6c-a0c1-e167f8c27337
[BaseModel] (56d43177-cc5f-4d6c-a0c1-e167f8c27337) {'id': '56d43177-cc5f-4d6c-a0c1-e167f8c27337', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 3, 54, 52298), 'my_number': 89, 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 3, 54, 52302), 'name': 'My_First_Model'}
<class 'datetime.datetime'>
--
{'id': '56d43177-cc5f-4d6c-a0c1-e167f8c27337', 'created_at': '2017-09-28T21:03:54.052298', '__class__': 'BaseModel', 'my_number': 89, 'updated_at': '2017-09-28T21:03:54.052302', 'name': 'My_First_Model'}
JSON of my_model:
    id: (<class 'str'>) - 56d43177-cc5f-4d6c-a0c1-e167f8c27337
    created_at: (<class 'str'>) - 2017-09-28T21:03:54.052298
    __class__: (<class 'str'>) - BaseModel
    my_number: (<class 'int'>) - 89
    updated_at: (<class 'str'>) - 2017-09-28T21:03:54.052302
    name: (<class 'str'>) - My_First_Model
--
56d43177-cc5f-4d6c-a0c1-e167f8c27337
[BaseModel] (56d43177-cc5f-4d6c-a0c1-e167f8c27337) {'id': '56d43177-cc5f-4d6c-a0c1-e167f8c27337', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 3, 54, 52298), 'my_number': 89, 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 3, 54, 52302), 'name': 'My_First_Model'}
<class 'datetime.datetime'>
--
False
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$

5. Store first object

Now we can recreate a BaseModel from another one by using a dictionary representation:

<class 'BaseModel'> -> to_dict() -> <class 'dict'> -> <class 'BaseModel'>

It’s great but it’s still not persistent: every time you launch the program, you don’t restore all objects created before… The first way you will see here is to save these objects to a file.

Writing the dictionary representation to a file won’t be relevant:

  • Python doesn’t know how to convert a string to a dictionary (easily).
  • It’s not human readable.
  • Using this file with another program in Python or other language will be hard.

So, you will convert the dictionary representation to a JSON string. JSON is a standard representation of a data structure. With this format, humans can read and all programming languages have a JSON reader and writer.

Now the flow of serialization-deserialization will be:

<class 'BaseModel'> -> to_dict() -> <class 'dict'> -> JSON dump -> <class 'str'> -> FILE -> <class 'str'> -> JSON load -> <class 'dict'> -> <class 'BaseModel'>

Write a class FileStorage that serializes instances to a JSON file and deserializes JSON file to instances:

  • models/engine/file_storage.py.
  • Private class attributes:
    • __file_path: string - path to the JSON file (ex: file.json).
    • __objects: dictionary - empty but will store all objects by <class name>.id (ex: to store a BaseModel object with id=12121212, the key will be BaseModel.12121212).
  • Public instance methods:
    • all(self): returns the dictionary __objects.
    • new(self, obj): sets in __objects the obj with key <obj class name>.id.
    • save(self): serializes __objects to the JSON file (path: __file_path).
    • reload(self): deserializes the JSON file to __objects (only if the JSON file (__file_path) exists ; otherwise, do nothing. If the file doesn’t exist, no exception should be raised).

Update models/__init__.py: to create a unique FileStorage instance for your application:

  • import file_storage.py.
  • create the variable storage, an instance of FileStorage.
  • call reload() method on this variable.

Update models/base_model.py: to link your BaseModel to FileStorage by using the variable storage.

  • import the variable storage.
  • in the method save(self):
    • call save(self) method of storage.
  • __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    • if it’s a new instance (not from a dictionary representation), add a call to the method new(self) on storage.
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat test_save_reload_base_model.py
#!/usr/bin/python3
from models import storage
from models.base_model import BaseModel

all_objs = storage.all()
print("-- Reloaded objects --")
for obj_id in all_objs.keys():
    obj = all_objs[obj_id]
    print(obj)

print("-- Create a new object --")
my_model = BaseModel()
my_model.name = "My_First_Model"
my_model.my_number = 89
my_model.save()
print(my_model)

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat file.json
cat: file.json: No such file or directory
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ 
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./test_save_reload_base_model.py
-- Reloaded objects --
-- Create a new object --
[BaseModel] (ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d) {'my_number': 89, 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 25, 47381), 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 25, 47372), 'name': 'My_First_Model', 'id': 'ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d'}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ 
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat file.json ; echo ""
{"BaseModel.ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d": {"my_number": 89, "__class__": "BaseModel", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:07:25.047381", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:07:25.047372", "name": "My_First_Model", "id": "ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d"}}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./test_save_reload_base_model.py
-- Reloaded objects --
[BaseModel] (ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d) {'name': 'My_First_Model', 'id': 'ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 25, 47381), 'my_number': 89, 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 25, 47372)}
-- Create a new object --
[BaseModel] (080cce84-c574-4230-b82a-9acb74ad5e8c) {'name': 'My_First_Model', 'id': '080cce84-c574-4230-b82a-9acb74ad5e8c', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 51, 973308), 'my_number': 89, 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 51, 973301)}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ 
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./test_save_reload_base_model.py
-- Reloaded objects --
[BaseModel] (080cce84-c574-4230-b82a-9acb74ad5e8c) {'id': '080cce84-c574-4230-b82a-9acb74ad5e8c', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 51, 973308), 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 51, 973301), 'name': 'My_First_Model', 'my_number': 89}
[BaseModel] (ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d) {'id': 'ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 25, 47381), 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 7, 25, 47372), 'name': 'My_First_Model', 'my_number': 89}
-- Create a new object --
[BaseModel] (e79e744a-55d4-45a3-b74a-ca5fae74e0e2) {'id': 'e79e744a-55d4-45a3-b74a-ca5fae74e0e2', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 8, 6, 151750), 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 8, 6, 151711), 'name': 'My_First_Model', 'my_number': 89}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ 
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat file.json ; echo ""
{"BaseModel.e79e744a-55d4-45a3-b74a-ca5fae74e0e2": {"__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "e79e744a-55d4-45a3-b74a-ca5fae74e0e2", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:08:06.151750", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:08:06.151711", "name": "My_First_Model", "my_number": 89}, "BaseModel.080cce84-c574-4230-b82a-9acb74ad5e8c": {"__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "080cce84-c574-4230-b82a-9acb74ad5e8c", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:07:51.973308", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:07:51.973301", "name": "My_First_Model", "my_number": 89}, "BaseModel.ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d": {"__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "ee49c413-023a-4b49-bd28-f2936c95460d", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:07:25.047381", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:07:25.047372", "name": "My_First_Model", "my_number": 89}}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$

6. sub

Write a program called console.py that contains the entry point of the command interpreter:

  • You must use the module cmd.
  • Your class definition must be: class HBNBCommand(cmd.Cmd):.
  • Your command interpreter should implement:
    • quit and EOF to exit the program.
    • help (this action is provided by default by cmd but you should keep it updated and documented as you work through tasks).
    • a custom prompt: (hbnb).
    • an empty line + ENTER shouldn’t execute anything.
  • Your code should not be executed when imported.

Warning:

You should end your file with:

if __name__ == '__main__':
    HBNBCommand().cmdloop()

to make your program executable except when imported. Please don’t add anything around - the Checker won’t like it otherwise.

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) help

Documented commands (type help <topic>):
========================================
EOF  help  quit

(hbnb) 
(hbnb) help quit
Quit command to exit the program

(hbnb) 
(hbnb) 
(hbnb) quit 
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$

7. Console 0.1

Update your command interpreter (console.py) to have these commands:

  • create: Creates a new instance of BaseModel, saves it (to the JSON file) and prints the id. Ex: $ create BaseModel.
    • If the class name is missing, print ** class name missing ** (ex: $ create).
    • If the class name doesn’t exist, print ** class doesn't exist ** (ex: $ create MyModel).
  • show: Prints the string representation of an instance based on the class name and id. Ex: $ show BaseModel 1234-1234-1234.
    • If the class name is missing, print ** class name missing ** (ex: $ show).
    • If the class name doesn’t exist, print ** class doesn't exist ** (ex: $ show MyModel).
    • If the id is missing, print ** instance id missing ** (ex: $ show BaseModel).
    • If the instance of the class name doesn’t exist for the id, print ** no instance found ** (ex: $ show BaseModel 121212).
  • destroy: Deletes an instance based on the class name and id (save the change into the JSON file). Ex: $ destroy BaseModel 1234-1234-1234.
    • If the class name is missing, print ** class name missing ** (ex: $ destroy).
    • If the class name doesn’t exist, print ** class doesn't exist ** (ex: $ destroy MyModel).
    • If the id is missing, print ** instance id missing ** (ex: $ destroy BaseModel).
    • If the instance of the class name doesn’t exist for the id, print ** no instance found ** (ex: $ destroy BaseModel 121212).
  • all: Prints all string representation of all instances based or not on the class name. Ex: $ all BaseModel or $ all.
    • The printed result must be a list of strings (like the example below).
    • If the class name doesn’t exist, print ** class doesn't exist ** (ex: $ all MyModel).
  • update: Updates an instance based on the class name and id by adding or updating attribute (save the change into the JSON file). Ex: $ update BaseModel 1234-1234-1234 email "[email protected]".
    • Usage: update <class name> <id> <attribute name> "<attribute value>".
    • Only one attribute can be updated at the time.
    • You can assume the attribute name is valid (exists for this model).
    • The attribute value must be casted to the attribute type.
    • If the class name is missing, print ** class name missing ** (ex: $ update).
    • If the class name doesn’t exist, print ** class doesn't exist ** (ex: $ update MyModel).
    • If the id is missing, print ** instance id missing ** (ex: $ update BaseModel).
    • If the instance of the class name doesn’t exist for the id, print ** no instance found ** (ex: $ update BaseModel 121212).
    • If the attribute name is missing, print ** attribute name missing ** (ex: $ update BaseModel existing-id).
    • If the value for the attribute name doesn’t exist, print ** value missing ** (ex: $ update BaseModel existing-id first_name).
    • All other arguments should not be used (Ex: $ update BaseModel 1234-1234-1234 email "[email protected]" first_name "Betty" = $ update BaseModel 1234-1234-1234 email "[email protected]").
    • id, created_at and updated_at cant’ be updated. You can assume they won’t be passed in the update command.
    • Only “simple” arguments can be updated: string, integer and float. You can assume nobody will try to update list of ids or datetime.

Let’s add some rules:

  • You can assume arguments are always in the right order.
  • Each arguments are separated by a space.
  • A string argument with a space must be between double quote.
  • The error management starts from the first argument to the last one.
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) all MyModel
** class doesn't exist **
(hbnb) show BaseModel
** instance id missing **
(hbnb) show BaseModel My_First_Model
** no instance found **
(hbnb) create BaseModel
49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
(hbnb) all BaseModel
["[BaseModel] (49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907) {'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903293), 'id': '49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903300)}"]
(hbnb) show BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
[BaseModel] (49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907) {'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903293), 'id': '49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903300)}
(hbnb) destroy
** class name missing **
(hbnb) update BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907 first_name "Betty"
(hbnb) show BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
[BaseModel] (49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'id': '49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903293), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 11, 3, 49401)}
(hbnb) create BaseModel
2dd6ef5c-467c-4f82-9521-a772ea7d84e9
(hbnb) all BaseModel
["[BaseModel] (2dd6ef5c-467c-4f82-9521-a772ea7d84e9) {'id': '2dd6ef5c-467c-4f82-9521-a772ea7d84e9', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 11, 23, 639717), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 11, 23, 639724)}", "[BaseModel] (49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'id': '49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 10, 25, 903293), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 2, 3, 11, 3, 49401)}"]
(hbnb) destroy BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
(hbnb) show BaseModel 49faff9a-6318-451f-87b6-910505c55907
** no instance found **
(hbnb)

8. First User

Write a class User that inherits from BaseModel:

  • models/user.py.
  • Public class attributes:
    • email: string - empty string.
    • password: string - empty string.
    • first_name: string - empty string.
    • last_name: string - empty string.

Update FileStorage to manage correctly serialization and deserialization of User.

Update your command interpreter (console.py) to allow show, create, destroy, update and all used with User.

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat test_save_reload_user.py
#!/usr/bin/python3
from models import storage
from models.base_model import BaseModel
from models.user import User

all_objs = storage.all()
print("-- Reloaded objects --")
for obj_id in all_objs.keys():
    obj = all_objs[obj_id]
    print(obj)

print("-- Create a new User --")
my_user = User()
my_user.first_name = "Betty"
my_user.last_name = "Bar"
my_user.email = "[email protected]"
my_user.password = "root"
my_user.save()
print(my_user)

print("-- Create a new User 2 --")
my_user2 = User()
my_user2.first_name = "John"
my_user2.email = "[email protected]"
my_user2.password = "root"
my_user2.save()
print(my_user2)

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat file.json ; echo ""
{"BaseModel.2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4": {"__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.333862", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.333852"}, "BaseModel.a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce": {"__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:15.504296", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:15.504287"}, "BaseModel.af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f": {"__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:12.971544", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:12.971521"}, "BaseModel.38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba": {"__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:13.753347", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:13.753337"}, "BaseModel.9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4": {"__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.963058", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.963049"}}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./test_save_reload_user.py
-- Reloaded objects --
[BaseModel] (38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba) {'id': '38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 13, 753337), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 13, 753347)}
[BaseModel] (9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4) {'id': '9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 14, 963049), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 14, 963058)}
[BaseModel] (2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4) {'id': '2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 14, 333852), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 14, 333862)}
[BaseModel] (a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce) {'id': 'a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 15, 504287), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 15, 504296)}
[BaseModel] (af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f) {'id': 'af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 12, 971521), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 12, 971544)}
-- Create a new User --
[User] (38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88) {'id': '38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848279), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848291), 'email': '[email protected]', 'first_name': 'Betty', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'password': 'root'}
-- Create a new User 2 --
[User] (d0ef8146-4664-4de5-8e89-096d667b728e) {'id': 'd0ef8146-4664-4de5-8e89-096d667b728e', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848280), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848294), 'email': '[email protected]', 'first_name': 'John', 'password': 'root'}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat file.json ; echo ""
{"BaseModel.af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f": {"id": "af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:12.971544", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:12.971521", "__class__": "BaseModel"}, "BaseModel.38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba": {"id": "38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:13.753347", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:13.753337", "__class__": "BaseModel"}, "BaseModel.9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4": {"id": "9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.963058", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.963049", "__class__": "BaseModel"}, "BaseModel.2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4": {"id": "2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.333862", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.333852", "__class__": "BaseModel"}, "BaseModel.a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce": {"id": "a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:15.504296", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:15.504287", "__class__": "BaseModel"}, "User.38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88": {"id": "38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:42.848279", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:42.848291", "email": "[email protected]", "first_name": "Betty", "__class__": "User", "last_name": "Bar", "password": "root"}, "User.d0ef8146-4664-4de5-8e89-096d667b728e": {"id": "d0ef8146-4664-4de5-8e89-096d667b728e", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:42.848280", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:42.848294", "email": "[email protected]", "first_name": "John", "__class__": "User", "password": "root"}}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ 
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./test_save_reload_user.py
-- Reloaded objects --
[BaseModel] (af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f) {'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 12, 971544), 'id': 'af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 12, 971521)}
[BaseModel] (2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4) {'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 14, 333862), 'id': '2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 14, 333852)}
[BaseModel] (9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4) {'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 14, 963058), 'id': '9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 14, 963049)}
[BaseModel] (a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce) {'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 15, 504296), 'id': 'a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 15, 504287)}
[BaseModel] (38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba) {'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 13, 753347), 'id': '38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 13, 753337)}
[User] (38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88) {'password': '63a9f0ea7bb98050796b649e85481845', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848279), 'email': '[email protected]', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848291), 'last_name': 'Bar', 'id': '38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88', 'first_name': 'Betty'}
[User] (d0ef8146-4664-4de5-8e89-096d667b728e) {'password': '63a9f0ea7bb98050796b649e85481845', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848280), 'email': '[email protected]', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848294), 'id': 'd0ef8146-4664-4de5-8e89-096d667b728e', 'first_name': 'John'}
-- Create a new User --
[User] (246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68) {'password': 'root', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611352), 'email': '[email protected]', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611363), 'last_name': 'Bar', 'id': '246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68', 'first_name': 'Betty'}
-- Create a new User 2 --
[User] (fce12f8a-fdb6-439a-afe8-2881754de71c) {'password': 'root', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611354), 'email': '[email protected]', 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611368), 'id': 'fce12f8a-fdb6-439a-afe8-2881754de71c', 'first_name': 'John'}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ cat file.json ; echo ""
{"BaseModel.af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f": {"updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:12.971544", "__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "af9b4cbd-2ce1-4e6e-8259-f578097dd15f", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:12.971521"}, "User.38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88": {"password": "63a9f0ea7bb98050796b649e85481845", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:42.848279", "email": "[email protected]", "id": "38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88", "last_name": "Bar", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:42.848291", "first_name": "Betty", "__class__": "User"}, "User.d0ef8146-4664-4de5-8e89-096d667b728e": {"password": "63a9f0ea7bb98050796b649e85481845", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:42.848280", "email": "[email protected]", "id": "d0ef8146-4664-4de5-8e89-096d667b728e", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:42.848294", "first_name": "John", "__class__": "User"}, "BaseModel.9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4": {"updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.963058", "__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "9bf17966-b092-4996-bd33-26a5353cccb4", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.963049"}, "BaseModel.a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce": {"updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:15.504296", "__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "a42ee380-c959-450e-ad29-c840a898cfce", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:15.504287"}, "BaseModel.38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba": {"updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:13.753347", "__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "38a22b25-ae9c-4fa9-9f94-59b3eb51bfba", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:13.753337"}, "BaseModel.2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4": {"updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.333862", "__class__": "BaseModel", "id": "2bf3ebfd-a220-49ee-9ae6-b01c75f6f6a4", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:11:14.333852"}, "User.246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68": {"password": "root", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:12:19.611352", "email": "[email protected]", "id": "246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68", "last_name": "Bar", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:12:19.611363", "first_name": "Betty", "__class__": "User"}, "User.fce12f8a-fdb6-439a-afe8-2881754de71c": {"password": "root", "created_at": "2017-09-28T21:12:19.611354", "email": "[email protected]", "id": "fce12f8a-fdb6-439a-afe8-2881754de71c", "updated_at": "2017-09-28T21:12:19.611368", "first_name": "John", "__class__": "User"}}
guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$

9. More classes!

Write all those classes that inherit from BaseModel:

  • State (models/state.py):
    • Public class attributes:
      • name: string - empty string.
  • City (models/city.py):
    • Public class attributes:
      • state_id: string - empty string: it will be the State.id.
      • name: string - empty string.
  • Amenity (models/amenity.py):
    • Public class attributes:
      • name: string - empty string
  • Place (models/place.py):
    • Public class attributes:
      • city_id: string - empty string: it will be the City.id.
      • user_id: string - empty string: it will be the User.id.
      • name: string - empty string.
      • description: string - empty string.
      • number_rooms: integer - 0.
      • number_bathrooms: integer - 0.
      • max_guest: integer - 0.
      • price_by_night: integer - 0.
      • latitude: float - 0.0.
      • longitude: float - 0.0.
      • amenity_ids: list of string - empty list: it will be the list of Amenity.id later.
  • Review (models/review.py):
    • Public class attributes:
      • place_id: string - empty string: it will be the Place.id.
      • user_id: string - empty string: it will be the User.id.
      • text: string - empty string.

10. Console 1.0

Update FileStorage to manage correctly serialization and deserialization of all our new classes: Place, State, City, Amenity and Review.

Update your command interpreter (console.py) to allow those actions: show, create, destroy, update and all with all classes created previously.

Enjoy your first console!

11. All instances by class name

Update your command interpreter (console.py) to retrieve all instances of a class by using: <class name>.all().

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) User.all()
[[User] (246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611352), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611363), 'password': '63a9f0ea7bb98050796b649e85481845', 'email': '[email protected]', 'id': '246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68'}, [User] (38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848279), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848291), 'password': 'b9be11166d72e9e3ae7fd407165e4bd2', 'email': '[email protected]', 'id': '38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88'}]
(hbnb)

12. Count instances

Update your command interpreter (console.py) to retrieve the number of instances of a class: <class name>.count().

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) User.count()
2
(hbnb)

13. Show

Update your command interpreter (console.py) to retrieve an instance based on its ID: <class name>.show(<id>).

Errors management must be the same as previously.

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) User.show("246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68")
[User] (246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611352), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 12, 19, 611363), 'password': '63a9f0ea7bb98050796b649e85481845', 'email': '[email protected]', 'id': '246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68'}
(hbnb) User.show("Bar")
** no instance found **
(hbnb)

14. Destroy

Update your command interpreter (console.py) to destroy an instance based on his ID: <class name>.destroy(<id>).

Errors management must be the same as previously.

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) User.count()
2
(hbnb) User.destroy("246c227a-d5c1-403d-9bc7-6a47bb9f0f68")
(hbnb) User.count()
1
(hbnb) User.destroy("Bar")
** no instance found **
(hbnb)

15. Update

Update your command interpreter (console.py) to update an instance based on his ID: <class name>.update(<id>, <attribute name>, <attribute value>).

Errors management must be the same as previously.

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) User.show("38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88")
[User] (38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88) {'first_name': 'Betty', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848279), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848291), 'password': 'b9be11166d72e9e3ae7fd407165e4bd2', 'email': '[email protected]', 'id': '38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88'}
(hbnb)
(hbnb) User.update("38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88", "first_name", "John")
(hbnb) User.update("38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88", "age", 89)
(hbnb)
(hbnb) User.show("38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88")
[User] (38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88) {'age': 89, 'first_name': 'John', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848279), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 15, 32, 299055), 'password': 'b9be11166d72e9e3ae7fd407165e4bd2', 'email': '[email protected]', 'id': '38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88'}
(hbnb)

16. Update from dictionary

Update your command interpreter (console.py) to update an instance based on his ID with a dictionary: <class name>.update(<id>, <dictionary representation>).

Errors management must be the same as previously.

guillaume@ubuntu:~/AirBnB$ ./console.py
(hbnb) User.show("38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88")
[User] (38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88) {'age': 23, 'first_name': 'Bob', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848279), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 15, 32, 299055), 'password': 'b9be11166d72e9e3ae7fd407165e4bd2', 'email': '[email protected]', 'id': '38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88'}
(hbnb)
(hbnb) User.update("38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88", {'first_name': "John", "age": 89})
(hbnb)
(hbnb) User.show("38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88")
[User] (38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88) {'age': 89, 'first_name': 'John', 'last_name': 'Bar', 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 11, 42, 848279), 'updated_at': datetime.datetime(2017, 9, 28, 21, 17, 10, 788143), 'password': 'b9be11166d72e9e3ae7fd407165e4bd2', 'email': '[email protected]', 'id': '38f22813-2753-4d42-b37c-57a17f1e4f88'}
(hbnb)

17. Unittests for the Console!

Write all unittests for console.py, all features!

For testing the console, you should “intercept” STDOUT of it, we highly recommend you to use:

with patch('sys.stdout', new=StringIO()) as f:
    HBNBCommand().onecmd("help show")

Otherwise, you will have to re-write the console by replacing precmd by default.

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