This repository contains the Avalanche BOLOS application for the Ledger Nano S and Ledger Nano X and tools for testing the application.

Most instructions assume you have the Nix Package Manager, which you can install on any Linux distribution or MacOS.

System requirements differ based on if you are using or installing the application. If you are using a Linux machine, you will need to Prepare your Linux Machine for Ledger Device Communication for both installing and usaging the application.

This application is has been tested against Ledger Nano S firmware 2.1.0. Ledger Nano X has not been tested yet. Please use Ledger Live to manage your Ledger device's firmware.

Installation requirements differ based on installation method:

Ledger Live is the easiest way to install applications on your Ledger device. Please refer to Ledger Live's system requirements for this installation method. This application is still in active development and not yet available in Ledger Live.

• Linux: Supported. Debian distributions such as Ubuntu (18.04+) and NixOS (vXXX+). Other linux distributions may work, but have not been tested.
• Mac: Supported. This has been tested on Catalina 10.15.5. Other versions may work, but have not been tested.
• Windows: Not currently supported.

• libusb and libudev: On Debian distributions, including Ubuntu, these packages are suffixed with -dev. Other distributions may have their own conventions.
  • Linux Installation: sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0.0-dev libudev-dev
  • Mac Installation: N/A (not necessary)
• Python3: Use python3 --version to check whether you have python3 installed or to confirm an installation was successful.
  • Linux Installation: sudo apt-get install python3-pip # Ubuntu example
  • Mac Installation: Python 3 can be installed on mac with homebrew: brew install python
• virtualenv: Use virtualenv --version to check whether you have virtualenv installed or to confirm an installation was successful.
  • Linux Installation: To install using python3: pip3 install virtualenv (this may require sudo).
  • Mac Installation: To install using python3: pip3 install virtualenv (this may require sudo).

• Linux: Supported. Debian distributions such as Ubuntu (18.04+) and NixOS (vXXX+). Other linux distributions may work, but have not been tested.
• Mac: Supported on Catalina (10.15) but note that Catalina requires extra steps in the Nix installation.
• Windows: Not currently supported.

• Nix Package Manager: Use nix-env --version to check whether you have Nix installed or to confirm an installation was successful. We recommend checking which Nix Installation is right for you, but for most users the following will will work:
  • Linux Installation: sh <(curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install) --daemon
  • Mac Installation: sh <(curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install) --daemon

On Linux, the "udev" rules must be set up to allow your user to communicate with the ledger device. MacOS devices do not need any configuration to communicate with a Ledger device, so if you are using Mac you can ignore this section.

On NixOS, one can easily do this with by adding the following to configuration.nix:

{
  # ...
  hardware.ledger.enable = true;
  # ...
}

For non-NixOS Linux distros, LedgerHQ provides a script for this purpose, in its own specialized repo. Download this script, read it, customize it, and run it as root:

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/LedgerHQ/udev-rules/master/add_udev_rules.sh
chmod +x add_udev_rules.sh

We recommend against running the next command without reviewing the script and modifying it to match your configuration.

sudo ./add_udev_rules.sh

Subsequently, unplug your ledger hardware wallet, and plug it in again for the changes to take effect.

For more details, see Ledger's documentation.

There are 3 ways you can install this Ledger application:

1. Ledger Live (not yet available): Ledger Live is the easiest way to install applications on your Ledger device. However, this application is still in active development and not yet available in Ledger Live.
2. Installing from Release: This is the recommended installation method until this app is available in Ledger Live.
3. Installing from Source: Recommended for development only.

Note: You can only install applications on the Ledger Nano X through Ledger Live.

Please download nano-s-release.tar.gz from the latest release on the releases page of this repo, which contains a pre-compiled app or .hex file ready to install on the Ledger. The following sections describe how to install it, including acquiring other tools from the Ledger project.

Install libusb and libudev, with the relevant headers. On Debian-based distros, including Ubuntu, the packages with the headers are suffixed with -dev. Other distros will have their own conventions. So, for example, on Ubuntu, you can do this with:

sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0.0-dev libudev-dev # Ubuntu example

Then, install pip3. You must install pip3 for this and not pip. On Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install python3-pip # Ubuntu example

Now, on any operating system, install virtualenv using pip3. It is important to use pip3 and not pip for this, as this module requires python3 support.

sudo pip3 install virtualenv # Any OS

Then create a Python virtual environment (abbreviated virtualenv). You could call it anything, but we shall call it "ledger". This will create a directory called "ledger" containing the virtualenv:

virtualenv ledger # Any OS

Then, you must enter the virtualenv. If you do not successfully enter the virtualenv, future commands will fail. You can tell you have entered the virtualenv when your prompt is prefixed with (ledger).

source ledger/bin/activate

Your terminal session -- and only that terminal session -- will now be in the virtual env. To have a new terminal session enter the virtualenv, run the above source command only in the same directory in the new terminal session.

We can now install ledgerblue, which is a Python module designed originally for Ledger Blue, but also is needed for the Ledger Nano S/X.

Although we do not yet support Ledger Blue, you must still install the following python package. Within the virtualenv environment -- making sure that (ledger) is showing up before your prompt -- use pip to install the ledgerblue Python package. This will install the Ledger Python packages into the virtualenv; they will be available only in a shell where the virtualenv has been activated.

pip install ledgerblue

If you have to use sudo or pip3 here, that is an indication that you have not correctly set up virtualenv. It will still work in such a situation, but please research other material on troubleshooting virtualenv setup.

Next you'll use the installation script to install the application on your Ledger device.

The Ledger device must be in the following state:

• Plugged into your computer
• Unlocked (enter your PIN)
• On the home screen (do not have any application open)
• Not asleep (you should not see vires in numeris is scrolling across the screen)

If you are already in an application or the Ledger device is asleep, your installation process will fail.

We recommend staying at your computer and keeping an eye on the Ledger device's screen as you continue. You may want to read the rest of these instructions before you begin installing, as you will need to confirm and verify a few things during the process.

Still within the virtualenv, run the ./install.sh command included in the nano-s-release.tar.gz that you downloaded. This ./install.sh script takes the path to an application directory. The only such directory included in the downloaded release.tar.gz will be app, so install the app like this, replacing ~/Downloads/ with whatever directory you downloaded the file into:

cd ~/Downloads/
tar xzf nano-s-release.tar.gz
cd ledger-app-avalanche-s
./install.sh app

The first thing that should come up in your terminal is a message that looks like this:

Generated random root public key : <long string of digits and letters>

Look at your Ledger device's screen and verify that the digits of that key match the digits you can see on your terminal. What you see on your Ledger hardware wallet's screen should be just the beginning and ending few characters of the longer string that printed in your terminal.

You will need to push confirmation buttons on your Ledger device a few times during the installation process and re-enter your PIN code near the end of the process. You should finally see the Avalanche logo appear on the screen.

If you see the "Generated random root public key" message and then something that looks like this:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
<...more file names...>
OSError: open failed

the most likely cause is that your udev rules are not set up correctly, or you did not unplug your Ledger hardware wallet between setting up the rules and attempting to install. Please confirm the correctness of your udev rules.

To load a new version of the Avalanche application onto the Ledger device in the future, you can run the command again, and it will automatically remove any previously-loaded version.

You can install the Ledger app from source if you have Nix installed. To load the latest version of the Avalanche app:

git clone https://github.com/obsidiansystems/ledger-app-avalanche.git
cd ledger-app-avalanche
git checkout master
./nix/install.sh -t s

Some notes during app installation:

• 'Starting bats': When building and installing the application from source, the client will run a suite of tests found in the tests.sh file. 'bats' stands for "Bash Automated Testing System". These tests may take some time to complete. When they are done, the app installation will proceed.
• Unsafe Manager: you will see a prompt to either allow or deny 'unsafe manager' when running ./nix/install.sh s. 'Unsafe Manager' is any manager which is not Ledger Live.
• Permission Denied: If you get a “permission denied” error, your computer is not detecting the Ledger device correctly. Make sure the Ledger is connected properly, that it was plugged in since updating the udev rules.

You have to accept a few prompts on the Ledger. Then you must select and load the Avalanche app.

To confirm the version of the application installed on your hardware wallet, first make sure the Ledger device is:

• connected
• unlocked
• has the "Avalanche" app open (shows “Use wallet to view accounts”)

Then run the following:

./check-installed-version.sh

If the results of that command match the results of git rev-parse --short HEAD, the installation was successful.

If you run into issues building the Ledger application using nix-shell -A wallet.s --run 'make all', we recommend trying nix-shell -A wallet.s --run 'make clean all.

If an application is not listed in Ledger Live, it can only be uninstalled from the device over the command line similar to how it was installed.

To uninstall, follow the instructions for installing a release hex file up to the ledgerblue installation. You can then run python -m ledgerblue.deleteApp --targetId 0x31100004 --appName "<app-name>" to uninstall an application, replacing <app-name> with the name of the application you'd like to delete.

Note that side-loading applications on the Nano X is not supported with current firmware, thus applications can only be added or removed from a Nano X device through Ledger Live.