<fieldType name="watson_text_en" indexed="true" stored="true" class="com.ibm.watson.hector.plugins.fieldtype.WatsonTextField">
    <analyzer type="index">
        <tokenizer class="solr.StandardTokenizerFactory"/>
        <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
        <filter class="solr.EnglishPossessiveFilterFactory"/>
        <filter class="solr.KeywordMarkerFilterFactory" protected="protwords.txt"/>
        <filter class="solr.PorterStemFilterFactory"/>
    </analyzer>
    <analyzer type="query">
        <tokenizer class="solr.StandardTokenizerFactory"/>
        <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory"
                ignoreCase="true"
                words="lang/stopwords_en.txt"
                />
        <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
        <filter class="solr.EnglishPossessiveFilterFactory"/>
        <filter class="solr.KeywordMarkerFilterFactory" protected="protwords.txt"/>
        <filter class="solr.PorterStemFilterFactory"/>
    </analyzer>
</fieldType>

<!-- field type definitions. The "name" attribute is
   just a label to be used by field definitions.  The "class"
   attribute and any other attributes determine the real
   behavior of the fieldType.
     Class names starting with "solr" refer to java classes in a
   standard package such as org.apache.solr.analysis
-->

<!-- The StrField type is not analyzed, but indexed/stored verbatim.
   It supports doc values but in that case the field needs to be
   single-valued and either required or have a default value.
  -->
<fieldType name="string" class="solr.StrField" sortMissingLast="true" />

<!-- boolean type: "true" or "false" -->
<fieldType name="boolean" class="solr.BoolField" sortMissingLast="true"/>

<!-- sortMissingLast and sortMissingFirst attributes are optional attributes are
     currently supported on types that are sorted internally as strings
     and on numeric types.
     This includes "string","boolean", and, as of 3.5 (and 4.x),
     int, float, long, date, double, including the "Trie" variants.
   - If sortMissingLast="true", then a sort on this field will cause documents
     without the field to come after documents with the field,
     regardless of the requested sort order (asc or desc).
   - If sortMissingFirst="true", then a sort on this field will cause documents
     without the field to come before documents with the field,
     regardless of the requested sort order.
   - If sortMissingLast="false" and sortMissingFirst="false" (the default),
     then default lucene sorting will be used which places docs without the
     field first in an ascending sort and last in a descending sort.
-->    

<!--
  Default numeric field types. For faster range queries, consider the tint/tfloat/tlong/tdouble types.

  These fields support doc values, but they require the field to be
  single-valued and either be required or have a default value.
-->
<fieldType name="int" class="solr.TrieIntField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="float" class="solr.TrieFloatField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="long" class="solr.TrieLongField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="double" class="solr.TrieDoubleField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>

<!--
 Numeric field types that index each value at various levels of precision
 to accelerate range queries when the number of values between the range
 endpoints is large. See the javadoc for NumericRangeQuery for internal
 implementation details.

 Smaller precisionStep values (specified in bits) will lead to more tokens
 indexed per value, slightly larger index size, and faster range queries.
 A precisionStep of 0 disables indexing at different precision levels.
-->
<fieldType name="tint" class="solr.TrieIntField" precisionStep="8" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="tfloat" class="solr.TrieFloatField" precisionStep="8" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="tlong" class="solr.TrieLongField" precisionStep="8" positionIncrementGap="0"/>
<fieldType name="tdouble" class="solr.TrieDoubleField" precisionStep="8" positionIncrementGap="0"/>

<!-- The format for this date field is of the form 1995-12-31T23:59:59Z, and
     is a more restricted form of the canonical representation of dateTime
     http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime    
     The trailing "Z" designates UTC time and is mandatory.
     Optional fractional seconds are allowed: 1995-12-31T23:59:59.999Z
     All other components are mandatory.

     Expressions can also be used to denote calculations that should be
     performed relative to "NOW" to determine the value, ie...

           NOW/HOUR
              ... Round to the start of the current hour
           NOW-1DAY
              ... Exactly 1 day prior to now
           NOW/DAY+6MONTHS+3DAYS
              ... 6 months and 3 days in the future from the start of
                  the current day
                  
     Consult the TrieDateField javadocs for more information.

     Note: For faster range queries, consider the tdate type
  -->
<fieldType name="date" class="solr.TrieDateField" precisionStep="0" positionIncrementGap="0"/>

<!-- A Trie based date field for faster date range queries and date faceting. -->
<fieldType name="tdate" class="solr.TrieDateField" precisionStep="6" positionIncrementGap="0"/>


<!--Binary data type. The data should be sent/retrieved in as Base64 encoded Strings -->
<fieldType name="binary" class="solr.BinaryField"/>

<!-- The "RandomSortField" is not used to store or search any
     data.  You can declare fields of this type it in your schema
     to generate pseudo-random orderings of your docs for sorting 
     or function purposes.  The ordering is generated based on the field
     name and the version of the index. As long as the index version
     remains unchanged, and the same field name is reused,
     the ordering of the docs will be consistent.  
     If you want different psuedo-random orderings of documents,
     for the same version of the index, use a dynamicField and
     change the field name in the request.
 -->
<fieldType name="random" class="solr.RandomSortField" indexed="true" />

<!-- solr.TextField allows the specification of custom text analyzers
     specified as a tokenizer and a list of token filters. Different
     analyzers may be specified for indexing and querying.

     The optional positionIncrementGap puts space between multiple fields of
     this type on the same document, with the purpose of preventing false phrase
     matching across fields.

     For more info on customizing your analyzer chain, please see
     http://wiki.apache.org/solr/AnalyzersTokenizersTokenFilters
 -->

<!-- One can also specify an existing Analyzer class that has a
     default constructor via the class attribute on the analyzer element.
     Example:
<fieldType name="text_greek" class="solr.TextField">
  <analyzer class="org.apache.lucene.analysis.el.GreekAnalyzer"/>
</fieldType>
-->

<!-- A text field that only splits on whitespace for exact matching of words -->
<fieldType name="text_ws" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100">
  <analyzer>
    <tokenizer class="solr.WhitespaceTokenizerFactory"/>
  </analyzer>
</fieldType>

<!-- A general text field that has reasonable, generic
     cross-language defaults: it tokenizes with StandardTokenizer,
 removes stop words from case-insensitive "stopwords.txt"
 (empty by default), and down cases.  At query time only, it
 also applies synonyms. -->
<fieldType name="text_general" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100">
  <analyzer type="index">
    <tokenizer class="solr.StandardTokenizerFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory" ignoreCase="true" words="stopwords.txt" />
    <!-- in this example, we will only use synonyms at query time
    <filter class="solr.SynonymFilterFactory" synonyms="index_synonyms.txt" ignoreCase="true" expand="false"/>
    -->
    <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
  </analyzer>
  <analyzer type="query">
    <tokenizer class="solr.StandardTokenizerFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory" ignoreCase="true" words="stopwords.txt" />
    <!-- <filter class="solr.SynonymFilterFactory" synonyms="synonyms.txt" ignoreCase="true" expand="true"/> -->
    <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
  </analyzer>
</fieldType>




<!-- A text field with defaults appropriate for English, plus
 aggressive word-splitting and autophrase features enabled.
 This field is just like text_en, except it adds
 WordDelimiterFilter to enable splitting and matching of
 words on case-change, alpha numeric boundaries, and
 non-alphanumeric chars.  This means certain compound word
 cases will work, for example query "wi fi" will match
 document "WiFi" or "wi-fi".
    -->
<fieldType name="text_en_splitting" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100" autoGeneratePhraseQueries="true">
  <analyzer type="index">
    <tokenizer class="solr.WhitespaceTokenizerFactory"/>
    <!-- in this example, we will only use synonyms at query time
    <filter class="solr.SynonymFilterFactory" synonyms="index_synonyms.txt" ignoreCase="true" expand="false"/>
    -->
    <!-- Case insensitive stop word removal.
    -->
    <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory"
            ignoreCase="true"
            words="lang/stopwords_en.txt"
            />
    <filter class="solr.WordDelimiterFilterFactory" generateWordParts="1" generateNumberParts="1" catenateWords="1" catenateNumbers="1" catenateAll="0" splitOnCaseChange="1"/>
    <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.KeywordMarkerFilterFactory" protected="protwords.txt"/>
    <filter class="solr.PorterStemFilterFactory"/>
  </analyzer>
  <analyzer type="query">
    <tokenizer class="solr.WhitespaceTokenizerFactory"/>
    <!-- <filter class="solr.SynonymFilterFactory" synonyms="synonyms.txt" ignoreCase="true" expand="true"/> -->
    <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory"
            ignoreCase="true"
            words="lang/stopwords_en.txt"
            />
    <filter class="solr.WordDelimiterFilterFactory" generateWordParts="1" generateNumberParts="1" catenateWords="0" catenateNumbers="0" catenateAll="0" splitOnCaseChange="1"/>
    <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.KeywordMarkerFilterFactory" protected="protwords.txt"/>
    <filter class="solr.PorterStemFilterFactory"/>
  </analyzer>
</fieldType>

<!-- Less flexible matching, but less false matches.  Probably not ideal for product names,
     but may be good for SKUs.  Can insert dashes in the wrong place and still match. -->
<fieldType name="text_en_splitting_tight" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100" autoGeneratePhraseQueries="true">
  <analyzer>
    <tokenizer class="solr.WhitespaceTokenizerFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.SynonymFilterFactory" synonyms="synonyms.txt" ignoreCase="true" expand="false"/>
    <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory" ignoreCase="true" words="lang/stopwords_en.txt"/>
    <filter class="solr.WordDelimiterFilterFactory" generateWordParts="0" generateNumberParts="0" catenateWords="1" catenateNumbers="1" catenateAll="0"/>
    <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.KeywordMarkerFilterFactory" protected="protwords.txt"/>
    <filter class="solr.EnglishMinimalStemFilterFactory"/>
    <!-- this filter can remove any duplicate tokens that appear at the same position - sometimes
         possible with WordDelimiterFilter in conjuncton with stemming. -->
    <filter class="solr.RemoveDuplicatesTokenFilterFactory"/>
  </analyzer>
</fieldType>

<!-- Just like text_general except it reverses the characters of
 each token, to enable more efficient leading wildcard queries. -->
<fieldType name="text_general_rev" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100">
  <analyzer type="index">
    <tokenizer class="solr.StandardTokenizerFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory" ignoreCase="true" words="stopwords.txt" />
    <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.ReversedWildcardFilterFactory" withOriginal="true"
       maxPosAsterisk="3" maxPosQuestion="2" maxFractionAsterisk="0.33"/>
  </analyzer>
  <analyzer type="query">
    <tokenizer class="solr.StandardTokenizerFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.SynonymFilterFactory" synonyms="synonyms.txt" ignoreCase="true" expand="true"/>
    <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory" ignoreCase="true" words="stopwords.txt" />
    <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory"/>
  </analyzer>
</fieldType>

<!-- This is an example of using the KeywordTokenizer along
     With various TokenFilterFactories to produce a sortable field
     that does not include some properties of the source text
  -->
<fieldType name="alphaOnlySort" class="solr.TextField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true">
  <analyzer>
    <!-- KeywordTokenizer does no actual tokenizing, so the entire
         input string is preserved as a single token
      -->
    <tokenizer class="solr.KeywordTokenizerFactory"/>
    <!-- The LowerCase TokenFilter does what you expect, which can be
         when you want your sorting to be case insensitive
      -->
    <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory" />
    <!-- The TrimFilter removes any leading or trailing whitespace -->
    <filter class="solr.TrimFilterFactory" />
    <!-- The PatternReplaceFilter gives you the flexibility to use
         Java Regular expression to replace any sequence of characters
         matching a pattern with an arbitrary replacement string, 
         which may include back references to portions of the original
         string matched by the pattern.
         
         See the Java Regular Expression documentation for more
         information on pattern and replacement string syntax.
         
         http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/regex/package-summary.html
      -->
    <filter class="solr.PatternReplaceFilterFactory"
            pattern="([^a-z])" replacement="" replace="all"
    />
  </analyzer>
</fieldType>

<!-- lowercases the entire field value, keeping it as a single token.  -->
<fieldType name="lowercase" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100">
  <analyzer>
    <tokenizer class="solr.KeywordTokenizerFactory"/>
    <filter class="solr.LowerCaseFilterFactory" />
  </analyzer>
</fieldType>

<!-- since fields of this type are by default not stored or indexed,
     any data added to them will be ignored outright.  --> 
<fieldType name="ignored" stored="false" indexed="false" multiValued="true" class="solr.StrField" />

<!-- This point type indexes the coordinates as separate fields (subFields)
  If subFieldType is defined, it references a type, and a dynamic field
  definition is created matching *___<typename>.  Alternately, if 
  subFieldSuffix is defined, that is used to create the subFields.
  Example: if subFieldType="double", then the coordinates would be
    indexed in fields myloc_0___double,myloc_1___double.
  Example: if subFieldSuffix="_d" then the coordinates would be indexed
    in fields myloc_0_d,myloc_1_d
  The subFields are an implementation detail of the fieldType, and end
  users normally should not need to know about them.
 -->
<fieldType name="point" class="solr.PointType" dimension="2" subFieldSuffix="_d"/>

<!-- A specialized field for geospatial search. If indexed, this fieldType must not be multivalued. -->
<fieldType name="location" class="solr.LatLonType" subFieldSuffix="_coordinate"/>

<!-- An alternative geospatial field type new to Solr 4.  It supports multiValued and polygon shapes.
  For more information about this and other Spatial fields new to Solr 4, see:
  http://wiki.apache.org/solr/SolrAdaptersForLuceneSpatial4
-->
<fieldType name="location_rpt" class="solr.SpatialRecursivePrefixTreeFieldType"
    geo="true" distErrPct="0.025" maxDistErr="0.001" distanceUnits="kilometers" />

<!-- Spatial rectangle (bounding box) field. It supports most spatial predicates, and has
 special relevancy modes: score=overlapRatio|area|area2D (local-param to the query).  DocValues is recommended for
 relevancy. -->
<fieldType name="bbox" class="solr.BBoxField"
           geo="true" distanceUnits="kilometers" numberType="_bbox_coord" />
<fieldType name="_bbox_coord" class="solr.TrieDoubleField" precisionStep="8" docValues="true" stored="false"/>

<fieldType name="currency" class="solr.CurrencyField" precisionStep="8" defaultCurrency="USD" currencyConfig="currency.xml" />

A Unix-based OS (or Cygwin)
Git
Node.js     >>>>>>> when click this link, it will go to Anaconda download page.

Downloading artifacts...DOWNLOAD SUCCESSFUL
Target: https://api.ng.bluemix.net
Using manifest file /home/pipeline/57acff8b-fa8f-4695-8910-f3464d0edfa2/manifest.yml

Creating app answer-retrieval-kaihong-2157 in org [email protected] / space CDL as [email protected]...
OK

Using route answer-retrieval-kaihong-2157.mybluemix.net
Binding answer-retrieval-kaihong-2157.mybluemix.net to answer-retrieval-kaihong-2157...
OK

Uploading answer-retrieval-kaihong-2157...
Uploading app files from: /home/pipeline/57acff8b-fa8f-4695-8910-f3464d0edfa2
Uploading 314.9K, 90 files


Done uploading
OK
Binding service retrieve-and-rank-service to app answer-retrieval-kaihong-2157 in org [email protected] / space CDL as [email protected]...
OK

Starting app answer-retrieval-kaihong-2157 in org [email protected] / space CDL as [email protected]...
-----> Downloaded app package (15M)
-------> Buildpack version 1.5.5
-----> Installing python-2.7.10
Downloaded [file:///var/vcap/data/dea_next/admin_buildpacks/69221686-9e15-442c-bdec-fd0fb5fc5470_ca60152b78be3f93067cd4f03d01e2db810ac2a8/dependencies/https___pivotal-buildpacks.s3.amazonaws.com_concourse-binaries_python_python-2.7.10-linux-x64.tgz]
     $ pip install -r requirements.txt
DEPRECATION: --allow-all-external has been deprecated and will be removed in the future. Due to changes in the repository protocol, it no longer has any effect.
       Processing ./custom-scorer
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       Installing collected packages: requests, cymem, preshed, numpy, murmurhash, thinc, semver, sputnik, cloudpickle, plac, six, spacy, futures, click, itsdangerous, Werkzeug, MarkupSafe, Jinja2, flask, python-dotenv, pysolr, watson-developer-cloud, cf-deployment-tracker, retrieve-and-rank-scorer
         Running setup.py install for semver: started
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       Successfully installed Jinja2-2.8 MarkupSafe-0.23 Werkzeug-0.11.11 cf-deployment-tracker-1.0.3 click-6.6 cloudpickle-0.2.1 cymem-1.31.2 flask-0.11.1 futures-3.0.5 itsdangerous-0.24 murmurhash-0.26.4 numpy-1.11.1 plac-0.9.6 preshed-0.46.4 pysolr-3.5.0 python-dotenv-0.6.0 requests-2.10.0 retrieve-and-rank-scorer-0.0.1 semver-2.6.0 six-1.10.0 spacy-0.101.0 sputnik-0.9.3 thinc-5.0.8 watson-developer-cloud-0.19.0
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 8.1.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 8.1.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
-----> Uploading droplet (70M)

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FAILED
Start unsuccessful

/Users/mwassel/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pysolr.pyc in add(self, docs, boost, fieldUpdates, commit, softCommit, commitWithin, waitFlush, waitSearcher,     overwrite, handler)
    863 
    864         for doc in docs:
--> 865             message.append(self._build_doc(doc, boost=boost, fieldUpdates=fieldUpdates))
    866 
    867         # This returns a bytestring. Ugh.

/Users/mwassel/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pysolr.pyc in _build_doc(self, doc, boost, fieldUpdates)
    788         doc_elem = ElementTree.Element('doc')
    789 
--> 790         for key, value in doc.items():
    791             if key == 'boost':
    792                 doc_elem.set('boost', force_unicode(value))

AttributeError: 'unicode' object has no attribute 'items’”
Going back to the standard, provided data

/Users/mwassel/Downloads/answer-retrieval-master/notebooks/analysis_utils.py in __init__(self, experiment_file_path)
    141                 experiment_file_path (str): Path to the experiment file
    142         """
--> 143         obj = json.load(open(experiment_file_path, 'rt'))
    144         self.experiment_entries = obj['experiment_entries']
    145         self.base_url = obj['experiment_metadata']['url']

IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/Users/mwassel/Downloads/answer-retrieval-master/notebooks/../data/experiments/exp_solr_only.json’”

// Get a Solr client for indexing and searching documents.
// See https://github.com/watson-developer-cloud/node-sdk/blob/master/services/retrieve_and_rank/v1.js
solrClient = retrieve_and_rank.create(params);