Multiagent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Anatomical Landmark Detection using PyTorch. This is the code for the paper Communicative Reinforcement Learning Agents for Landmark Detection in Brain Images.
Accurate detection of anatomical landmarks is an essential step in several medical imaging tasks. This repository implements a novel communicative multi-agent reinforcement learning (C-MARL) system to automatically detect landmarks in 3D medical images. C-MARL enables the agents to learn explicit communication channels, as well as implicit communication signals by sharing certain weights of the architecture among all the agents.
In addition to C-MARL, the code also supports single agents and multi-agents with no communication channel (named Network3d). This code is originally a fork from Amir Alansary's repository.
10 brain MRI scans each with 20 landmarks annotated from the ADNI dataset are included in the data folder for convenience.
Here are a few examples of the learned agents on unseen data:
- An example of our proposed C-MARL system consisting of 5 agents. These agents are looking for 5 different landmarks in a brain MRI scan. Each agent’s ROI is represented by a yellow box and centered around a blue point, while the red point is the target landmark. ROI is sampled with 3mm spacing at the beginning of every episode. The length of the circumference of red disks denotes the distance between the current and target landmarks in z-axis.
- Similarly, 5 C-MARL agents in fetal ultrasounds scans.
- Detecting the apex point in short-axis cardiac MRI (HQ video)
- Detecting the anterior commissure (AC) point in adult brain MRI (HQ video)
- Detecting the cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) point in fetal head ultrasound (HQ video)
The main file is src/DQN.py and offers two modes of use, training and evaluation, that are described below.
For convenience, a Conda environment has been provided (note: on my machine the environment takes 3.7GB, mostly because of PyTorch and the CUDA toolkit). There's no need to use it if the code already runs for you.
conda env create -f environment.yml
conda activate rl-medical
All other commands are run from the src folder.
cd src
Example to train 5 C-MARL agents (named CommNet in the code)
python DQN.py --task train --files data/filenames/image_files.txt data/filenames/landmark_files.txt --model_name CommNet --file_type brain --landmarks 13 14 0 1 2 --multiscale --viz 0 --train_freq 50 --write
The command above is the one used to train the models presented in the paper. The default value for the replay buffer size is very large. Consider setting a lower value to the flags --memory_size and --init_memory_size to reduce the memory used.
With the --write flag, training will produce logs and a Tensorboard in the --logDir directory (runs by default).
The --landmarks flag specifies the number of agents and their target landmarks. For example, --landmarks 0 1 1 means there are 3 agents. One agent looks for landmark 0 while two agents look for the same landmark number 1. All 3 agents communicate with each other.
- 8 C-MARL agents
python DQN.py --task eval --load 'data/models/BrainMRI/CommNet8agents.pt' --files 'data/filenames/image_files.txt' 'data/filenames/landmark_files.txt' --file_type brain --landmarks 13 14 0 1 2 3 4 5 --model_name "CommNet"
- 5 C-MARL agents
python DQN.py --task eval --load 'data/models/BrainMRI/CommNet5agents.pt' --files 'data/filenames/image_files.txt' 'data/filenames/landmark_files.txt' --file_type brain --landmarks 13 14 0 1 2 --model_name "CommNet"
- 8 Network3d agents
python DQN.py --task eval --load 'data/models/BrainMRI/Network3d8agents.pt' --files 'data/filenames/image_files.txt' 'data/filenames/landmark_files.txt' --file_type brain --landmarks 13 14 0 1 2 3 4 5 --model_name "Network3d"
- Single agent
python DQN.py --task eval --load 'data/models/BrainMRI/SingleAgent.pt' --files 'data/filenames/image_files.txt' 'data/filenames/landmark_files.txt' --file_type brain --landmarks 13 --model_name "Network3d"
The argument --task play can be used to run inference without any ground truth landmarks. In which case, the argument --files should only have image_files.txt, and no landmark_files.txt should be passed. For example, in the case of 8 C-MARL agents:
python DQN.py --task play --load 'data/models/BrainMRI/CommNet8agents.pt' --files 'data/filenames/image_files.txt' --file_type brain --landmarks 13 14 0 1 2 3 4 5 --model_name "CommNet"
Please note that when using task mode play, the evaluation file and logs have "N/A" instead of the landmark xyz positions and distance, since there is no ground truth available.
usage: DQN.py [-h] [--load LOAD] [--task {play,eval,train}]
[--file_type {brain,cardiac,fetal}] [--files FILES [FILES ...]]
[--val_files VAL_FILES [VAL_FILES ...]] [--saveGif]
[--saveVideo] [--logDir LOGDIR]
[--landmarks [LANDMARKS [LANDMARKS ...]]]
[--model_name {CommNet,Network3d}] [--batch_size BATCH_SIZE]
[--memory_size MEMORY_SIZE]
[--init_memory_size INIT_MEMORY_SIZE]
[--max_episodes MAX_EPISODES]
[--steps_per_episode STEPS_PER_EPISODE]
[--target_update_freq TARGET_UPDATE_FREQ]
[--save_freq SAVE_FREQ] [--delta DELTA] [--viz VIZ]
[--multiscale] [--write] [--train_freq TRAIN_FREQ] [--seed SEED]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--load LOAD Path to the model to load (default: None)
--task {play,eval,train}
task to perform, must load a pretrained model if task
is "play" or "eval" (default: train)
--file_type {brain,cardiac,fetal}
Type of the training and validation files (default:
train)
--files FILES [FILES ...]
Filepath to the text file that contains list of
images. Each line of this file is a full path to an
image scan. For (task == train or eval) there should
be two input files ['images', 'landmarks'] (default:
None)
--val_files VAL_FILES [VAL_FILES ...]
Filepath to the text file that contains list of
validation images. Each line of this file is a full
path to an image scan. For (task == train or eval)
there should be two input files ['images',
'landmarks'] (default: None)
--saveGif Save gif image of the game (default: False)
--saveVideo Save video of the game (default: False)
--logDir LOGDIR Store logs in this directory during training (default:
runs)
--landmarks [LANDMARKS [LANDMARKS ...]]
Landmarks to use in the images (default: [1])
--model_name {CommNet,Network3d}
Models implemented are: Network3d, CommNet (default:
CommNet)
--batch_size BATCH_SIZE
Size of each batch (default: 64)
--memory_size MEMORY_SIZE
Number of transitions stored in exp replay buffer. If
too much is allocated training may abruptly stop.
(default: 100000.0)
--init_memory_size INIT_MEMORY_SIZE
Number of transitions stored in exp replay before
training (default: 30000.0)
--max_episodes MAX_EPISODES
"Number of episodes to train for" (default: 100000.0)
--steps_per_episode STEPS_PER_EPISODE
Maximum steps per episode (default: 200)
--target_update_freq TARGET_UPDATE_FREQ
Number of epochs between each target network update
(default: 10)
--save_freq SAVE_FREQ
Saves network every save_freq steps (default: 1000)
--delta DELTA Amount to decreases epsilon each episode, for the
epsilon-greedy policy (default: 0.0001)
--viz VIZ Size of the window, None for no visualisation
(default: 0.01)
--multiscale Reduces size of voxel around the agent when it
oscillates (default: False)
--write Saves the training logs (default: False)
--train_freq TRAIN_FREQ
Number of agent steps between each training step on
one mini-batch (default: 1)
--seed SEED Random seed for both training and evaluating. If none
is provided, no seed will be set (default: None)
To help debug/visualise the images with their landmarks, you can use the visualise.py script. It will show each image with the agents positioned at the landmarks' locations. Pressing Enter will go to the next image in the dataset.
Example usage:
python visualiser.py --files data/filenames/image_files.txt data/filenames/landmark_files.txt --file_type brain --landmarks 0 1 2 3
Issues and pull requests are very welcomed.
If you use this code in your research, please cite this paper:
@article{leroy2020communicative,
title={Communicative Reinforcement Learning Agents for Landmark Detection in Brain Images},
author={Leroy, Guy and Rueckert, Daniel and Alansary, Amir},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2008.08055},
year={2020}
}
More information on this project:
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