Most Common Git Commands

• Init Git Repo

  git init

• Add files or folder into .gitignore

  • Create a .gitignore file

  • Add file name or folder name into there

    Example:

    

• Add a file

  git add <filename>

• Add some files by name

  git add <list of file>

• Add all .txt files (same extension files)

  git add *.txt

• Add all .txt files in docs directory

  git add docs/*.txt

• Add all files in docs directory

  git add docs/

• Add all .txt files in the whole project

  git add "*.txt"

• Add all files

  git add --all

  OR

  git add .

• Add only part of a file

• git add --patch <filename>

• Get back from staged area

  git rm --cached <filename>

  OR

  git reset HEAD <filename>

• Difference between last commit and present version(Before stage)/Unstage differences

  git diff

• Difference between staged version and last commit

  git diff --staged

• Commit changes

  git commit git commit -m "<your message>"

• To add and commit in one command

  git commit -a -m "<your message>"

• Amend last commit and override commit message

  git add --all git commit --amend -m "<your message>"

• Pick specific commit from same or another branch to targeted branch

  git cherry-pick <commit_id>

• Pick file from another branch to targeted branch

  git checkout <branch_name> <file_name>

• Move to the stage area from last commit

  git reset --soft HEAD^

• totally delete the last commit

  git reset --hard HEAD^

• Totally delete the last two commit

  git reset --hard HEAD^^

• To watch all remote branches

  git branch -r

• To switch into branches

  git checkout <branch name>

• To create branch

  git branch <branch name>

• To create brach and switch

  git branch -b <branch name>

• Delete only remote branch

  git push origin :<branch name>

• Delete branch locally

  git branch -d <branch name>

• Delete branch forcefully

  git branch -D <branch name>

• To watch remote log

  git remote show origin

• Delete all remote branch references

  git remote prune origin

• List all the tag

  git tag

• Go to tag

  git checkout <tagname>

• Add a tag

  git tag -a v1.0.0 -m "<commit message>"

• Push all tags

  git push --tags

• List of all remote branches

  git branch -r

• Watch all remote branches

  git remote show <remote name>

• Delete all deleted remote branch references

  git remote prune

• Push branch into Heroko which is not master

  git push <Heroko branch name> <branch name>:master

• Set configuration for local branch

  • Username

    git config user.name <username>

  • Email

    git config user.email <email>

• Set username password for local/particular branch

  • Run this command

    git config credential.helper store

  • Then pull the repository

    git pull

• Remove cached password

  git config --global --unset credential.helper

• To untrack a single file that has already been added/initialized to repository

  git rm --cached <filename>

• To untrack every file that is now in .gitignore

  git rm -r --cached .

• Rename a local and remote git repository

  • Checkout to old repository

    git checkout <old name>

  • Rename the repository

    git branch -m <new name>

  • Delete origin repository

    git push origin --delete <old name>

  • Push repository with new name

    git push origin -u <new name>

  • List the changed files before staging git diff --name-only

  • List the changed files in staging git diff --name-only --cached

  • List the changed files of current commit git diff --name-only HEAD^ HEAD

• Batch search and delete local branches when there are too many

  NOTE: Beaware of grep, egrep, xargs in Windows

  You can check out below link if you are facing any issue with these commands

  git grep and xargs in Windows Batch file?

  • Delete all branches matching keyword, e.g: dev or dev

    • Delete all branches suffixing dev

      git branch --list "*dev" | xargs git branch -D

    • Delete all branches prefixing dev

      git branch --list "dev*" | xargs git branch -D

    • Delete all branches prefixing dev and ends only with a number (e.g: task number)

      git branch --list "dev*[0-9]" | xargs git branch -D

  • Delete all except given branches, e.g: except develop and master branchs

    git branch | egrep -v "master|develop" | xargs git branch -D

    here -v means "invert the match"

• Often for Mac users, using bash terminal, you do not find git autocomplete in bash

  STEP 1: From git-completion

  Get git-completion script

  curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/git/git/master/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash -o ~/.git-completion.bash

  STEP 2: Update .bash_profile

  Add the following code to your .bash_profile (~/.bash_profile).

  if [ -f ~/.git-completion.bash ]; then
    . ~/.git-completion.bash
  fi
  

  STEP 3: Apply the changes

  source ~/.bash_profile

  Now you should be able to use git autocomplete in your bash terminal.

• Delete all .DS_Store files from git —cached

  find . -name '.DS_Store' -type f | xargs git rm -r --cached

  You can use similar command for other file names

  You can use regex in the search string parameter