STM32F4-DISCOVERY Makefile template for linux. Should work for other board.

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:terry.guo/gcc-arm-embedded
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install gcc-arm-none-eabi gdb-arm-none-eabi binutils-arm-none-eabi openocd

This tool is not mandatory to dev on STM32 boards. You need java to run it. Download STM32CubeMX from STM32 website

unzip stm32cubemx.zip
java -jar SetupSTM32CubeMX-4.6.0.exe
java -jar /usr/local/STMicroelectronics/STM32Cube/STM32CubeMX/STM32CubeMX.exe

• Get the sources. Download it, extract it and copy in your favorite folder (eg. /opt/).
• Documentation
  • UM1730 - Getting started with STM32CubeF4 firmware package for STM32F4xx series
  • UM1472 - Discovery kit for STM32F407/417 lines
  • UM1725 - Description of STM32F4xx HAL drivers
  • PM0214 - STM32F3 and STM32F4 Series Cortex®-M4 programming manual
  • RM0090 - STM32F405xx/07xx, STM32F415xx/17xx, STM32F42xxx and STM32F43xxx advanced ARM®-based 32-bit MCUs
  • BSP : STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.4.0/Drivers/BSP/STM32F4-Discovery/

debian@debian:/opt/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.4.0/Drivers/BSP/STM32F4-Discovery$ ls *.h
stm32f4_discovery_accelerometer.h  stm32f4_discovery.h
stm32f4_discovery_audio.h

• Mandatory files to start a project (Copy from STM32CubeF4 to current directory)
  • startup_stm32f407xx.s (/opt/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.4.0/Projects/STM32F4-Discovery/Templates/TrueSTUDIO)
  • system_stm32f4xx.c (/opt/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.4.0/Projects/STM32F4-Discovery/Templates/Src)
  • STM32F407VG_FLASH.ld (/opt/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.4.0/Projects/STM32F4-Discovery/Templates/TrueSTUDIO/STM32F4-Discovery)
  • stm32f4xx_hal_conf.h (/opt/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.4.0/Projects/STM32F4-Discovery/Templates/Inc)
• Source code to test the makefile (Copy into the current directory) :
  • /opt/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.4.0/Projects/STM32F4-Discovery/Templates/Src
  • /opt/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.4.0/Projects/STM32F4-Discovery/Templates/Inc

Change the sources, path & informations for your board into the Makefile

SRCS=main.c stm32f4xx_it.c stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c system_stm32f4xx.c
SRCS += startup_stm32f407xx.s

# Binaries will be generated with this name (.elf, .bin, .hex, etc)
PROJ_NAME=main

# Path
STM_COMMON=/opt/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.4.0

# Board/MCU
STM_SERIE=STM32F4XX
STM_MODEL=STM32F407xx
BSP_MODEL=STM32F4-Discovery

# Linker
LINK=STM32F407VG_FLASH.ld

For some examples, the GPIO_EXTI ig, you should add specific BSP files :

SRCS += stm32f4_discovery.c # LEDs, Button
SRCS += stm32f4_discovery_accelerometer.c # Accelerometer
SRCS += stm32f4_discovery_audio.c # Audio

Then:

make

To flash the device, use openocd, with the STM32F4-Discovery configuration (for the f4discovery board):

openocd -f /usr/share/openocd/scripts/board/stm32f4discovery.cfg

The openocd daemon is now listening. On another terminal, start a telnet session:

$ telnet localhost 4444
> reset halt
> flash write_image erase main.hex
> reset run
> shutdown

If you installed st-link, to flash you can also use:

$ make burn
or 
$ sudo make burn

Project based on tomvdb's work