Nginx (pronounced "engine-x") is an open source reverse proxy server for HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, POP3, and IMAP protocols, as well as a load balancer, HTTP cache, and a web server (origin server). The nginx project started with a strong focus on high concurrency, high performance and low memory usage. It is licensed under the 2-clause BSD-like license and it runs on Linux, BSD variants, Mac OS X, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX, as well as on other *nix flavors. It also has a proof of concept port for Microsoft Windows.

wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx

$ docker run --name some-nginx -v /some/content:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro -d nginx

$ docker run --name some-nginx -d -p 8080:80 some-content-nginx

Then you can hit http://localhost:8080 or http://host-ip:8080 in your browser.

$ docker run --name my-custom-nginx-container -v /host/path/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro -d nginx

For information on the syntax of the nginx configuration files, see the official documentation (specifically the Beginner's Guide).

If you wish to adapt the default configuration, use something like the following to copy it from a running nginx container:

$ docker run --name tmp-nginx-container -d nginx
$ docker cp tmp-nginx-container:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /host/path/nginx.conf
$ docker rm -f tmp-nginx-container

Images since version 1.9.8 come with nginx-debug binary that produces verbose output when using higher log levels. It can be used with simple CMD substitution:

$ docker run --name my-nginx -v /host/path/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro -d nginx nginx-debug -g 'daemon off;'

Similar configuration in docker-compose.yml may look like this:

web:
  image: nginx
  volumes:
    - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
  command: [nginx-debug, '-g', 'daemon off;']