Illustrate Benford's law: In random / naturally occurring distributions, numbers that start with "1" are more common than other numbers (following a downsloping scale to "9.")

Idea: generate a bunch of random distributions, and then draw random numbers from those distributions. Those distributions are more likely to include numbers starting with "1", because drawing a top of "1999" is as likely as drawing a top of "9999" but of course the former has many more numbers starting with "1."

/tmp/benford$ make
g++ -g -Wall -o benford -O1 benford.cpp
./benford
[0] =        0
[1] =   246070
[2] =   171387
[3] =   137249
[4] =   112211
[5] =    96732
[6] =    81642
[7] =    65368
[8] =    53049
[9] =    36292

jwatte 20201013