| 设计原则 | 一句话归纳 | 目的 |
|---|---|---|
| 开闭原则 | 对扩展开放，对修改关闭 | 降低维护带来的新风险 |
| 依赖倒置原则 | 高层不应该依赖低层，要面向接口编程 | 更利于代码结构的升级扩展 |
| 单一职责原则 | 一个类只干一件事，实现类要单一 | 便于理解，提高代码的可读性 |
| 接口隔离原则 | 一个接口只干一件事，接口要精简单一 | 功能解耦，高聚合、低耦合 |
| 迪米特法则 | 不该知道的不要知道，一个类应该保持对其它对象最少的了解，降低耦合度 | 只和朋友交流，不和陌生人说话，减少代码臃肿 |
| 里氏替换原则 | 不要破坏继承体系，子类重写方法功能发生改变，不应该影响父类方法的含义 | 防止继承泛滥 |
| 合成复用原则 | 尽量使用组合或者聚合关系实现代码复用，少使用继承 | 降低代码耦合 |
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