-
Установили VirtualBox
-
Импортировали загруженный образ Ubuntu
-
Посмотрели параметры (в итоге поменяли сетевой адаптер)
-
Запустили образ Ubuntu
-
Залогинились пользователем user
-
Результат команды
man topTOP(1) User Commands TOP(1) NAME top - display Linux processes SYNOPSIS top -hv|-bcHiOSs -d secs -n max -u|U user -p pid -o fld -w [cols] The traditional switches `-' and whitespace are optional. DESCRIPTION The top program provides a dynamic real-time view of a running system. It can display system summary information as well as a list of processes or threads cur‐ rently being managed by the Linux kernel. The types of system summary informa‐ tion shown and the types, order and size of information displayed for processes are all user configurable and that configuration can be made persistent across restarts. The program provides a limited interactive interface for process manipulation as well as a much more extensive interface for personal configuration -- encom‐ passing every aspect of its operation. And while top is referred to throughout this document, you are free to name the program anything you wish. That new name, possibly an alias, will then be reflected on top's display and used when reading and writing a configuration file. OVERVIEW Documentation The remaining Table of Contents OVERVIEW Operation Startup Defaults -
Результат работы команды
toptop - 08:24:23 up 19 min, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.07, 0.19 Tasks: 106 total, 1 running, 56 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.3 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.5 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.2 si, 0.0 st KiB Mem : 2040712 total, 331776 free, 126292 used, 1582644 buff/cache KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2096880 free, 268 used. 1725976 avail MemВсего памяти 2Гб, используется 126Мб + 1,58Гб
-
Получили адрес сетевого адаптера командой
ip a
-
В хосте зашли в консоль гостевой ОС через SSH
~/Изображения$ ssh [email protected] The authenticity of host '192.168.0.199 (192.168.0.199)' can't be established. ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:wcFD67WWvzao4xyR4pu//Z0gAjFXnbGEVjsWO4tHQ24. This key is not known by any other names. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.199' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts. [email protected]'s password:Авторизовались:
Welcome to Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.15.0-202-generic x86_64) * Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com * Management: https://landscape.canonical.com * Support: https://ubuntu.com/advantage System information as of Fri Mar 8 08:09:24 UTC 2024 System load: 1.06 Processes: 122 Usage of /: 21.7% of 19.52GB Users logged in: 1 Memory usage: 15% IP address for enp0s3: 192.168.0.199 Swap usage: 0% * Strictly confined Kubernetes makes edge and IoT secure. Learn how MicroK8s just raised the bar for easy, resilient and secure K8s cluster deployment. https://ubuntu.com/engage/secure-kubernetes-at-the-edge 72 updates can be applied immediately. 44 of these updates are standard security updates. To see these additional updates run: apt list --upgradable New release '20.04.6 LTS' available. Run 'do-release-upgrade' to upgrade to it. *** System restart required *** Last login: Fri Mar 8 08:05:48 2024 user@ubuntu1804-test:~$
Просмотр текущего каталога
user@ubuntu1804-test:~$ pwd
/home/user
Создание структуры катлогов для практики:
user@ubuntu1804-test:~$ mkdir my_test_folder
user@ubuntu1804-test:~$ cd my_test_folder/
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder$ mkdir bronze
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder$ mkdir silver
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder$ mkdir gold
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder$ mkdir temp
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder$ cd bronze/
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze$ mkdir files
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze$ mkdir media
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze$ cd ../silver/
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/silver$ mkdir files
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/silver$ mkdir media
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/silver$ cd ../gold
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/gold$ mkdir files
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/gold$ mkdir media
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/gold$ cd ..
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder$ ls -R
.:
bronze gold silver temp
./bronze:
files media
./bronze/files:
./bronze/media:
./gold:
files media
./gold/files:
./gold/media:
./silver:
files media
./silver/files:
./silver/media:
./temp:
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder$ ls -R > ./temp/dirs.txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder$ cd temp
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ touch test.txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ echo "Hello? its my first file in Linux!" > test.txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ cat test.txt
Hello? its my first file in Linux!
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ ls -l
total 4
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 35 Mar 8 08:38 test.txt
Загрузка архива из репозитория
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ wget https://github.com/qwerty29544/BigDataEsse
ntials/raw/main/Practice1_LinuxCommands/data.tar.gz
--2024-03-08 08:42:58-- https://github.com/qwerty29544/BigDataEssentials/raw/main/Practice
1_LinuxCommands/data.tar.gz
Resolving github.com (github.com)... 140.82.121.3
Connecting to github.com (github.com)|140.82.121.3|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/qwerty29544/BigDataEssentials/main/Practice1_Li
nuxCommands/data.tar.gz [following]
--2024-03-08 08:42:59-- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/qwerty29544/BigDataEssentials/ma
in/Practice1_LinuxCommands/data.tar.gz
Resolving raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)... 185.199.108.133, 185.199
.109.133, 185.199.110.133, ...
Connecting to raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)|185.199.108.133|:443...
connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 40529920 (39M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘data.tar.gz’
data.tar.gz 100%[===========================>] 38.65M 6.60MB/s in 6.3s
2024-03-08 08:43:07 (6.16 MB/s) - ‘data.tar.gz’ saved [40529920/40529920]
Распаковка архива без подкаталогов
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ tar -xvf data.tar.gz --strip-components 1
data/GAZ.csv
data/linux_logo.jpg
data/MIREA_Gerb_Colour.eps
data/MIREA_Gerb_Colour.jpg
data/MIREA_Gerb_Colour.png
data/okato.csv
data/oksm.csv
data/pizza_orders.db
data/TNVED1.TXT
data/TNVED2.Txt
data/TNVED3.Txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ ls -l
total 79176
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 40529920 Mar 8 08:43 data.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 2283356 Feb 6 2023 GAZ.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 20383 Feb 6 2023 linux_logo.jpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 17862074 Jan 13 2019 MIREA_Gerb_Colour.eps
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 1117105 Jan 13 2019 MIREA_Gerb_Colour.jpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 128090 Jan 13 2019 MIREA_Gerb_Colour.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 14391592 Feb 2 2023 okato.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 17736 Feb 2 2023 oksm.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 1576960 Feb 4 2023 pizza_orders.db
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 35 Mar 8 08:38 test.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 153249 Feb 2 2023 TNVED1.TXT
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 1788645 Feb 2 2023 TNVED2.Txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 1181395 Feb 2 2023 TNVED3.Txt
Перенос графических файлов в bronze/media
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ mv *.eps ../bronze/media/
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ mv *.png ../bronze/media/
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ mv *.jpg ../bronze/media/
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ cd ../bronze/media/
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/media$ ls -l
total 18684
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 20383 Feb 6 2023 linux_logo.jpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 17862074 Jan 13 2019 MIREA_Gerb_Colour.eps
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 1117105 Jan 13 2019 MIREA_Gerb_Colour.jpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 128090 Jan 13 2019 MIREA_Gerb_Colour.png
Переименование герба
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/media$ mv MIREA_Gerb_Colour.png MIREA_gerb_rgb.png
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/media$ mv MIREA_Gerb_Colour.jpg MIREA_gerb_rgb.jpg
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/media$ mv MIREA_Gerb_Colour.eps MIREA_gerb_rgb.eps
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/media$ ls -l
total 18812
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 20383 Feb 6 2023 linux_logo.jpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 17862074 Jan 13 2019 MIREA_gerb_rgb.eps
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 1117105 Jan 13 2019 MIREA_gerb_rgb.jpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 128090 Jan 13 2019 MIREA_gerb_rgb.png
Просмотр первых строк файлов
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/media$ head MIREA_gerb_rgb.eps
{:��:���S %!PS-Adobe-3.1 EPSF-3.0
%ADO_DSC_Encoding: Windows Cyrillic
%%Title: MIREA_Gerb_Colour.eps
%%Creator: Adobe Illustrator(R) 15.0
%%For: 4
%%CreationDate: 1/10/2019
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 590 651
%%HiResBoundingBox: 0 0 589.2051 650.8003
%%CropBox: 0 0 589.2051 650.8003
%%LanguageLevel: 2
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/media$ head MIREA_gerb_rgb.png
PNG
�
IHDR���9 pHYs������
OiCCPPhotoshop ICC profilexڝSgTS�=BKKoR RB�&*! �J!�Q�EE���Q,
!{kּ> H3Q5 B��.@
$pd!s#�~<<+"�xM0�B\��t8�@zB@F�&S�`cbP-`'�{�[!�
Перенос тесктовых файлов в bronze/files
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ mv *.txt ../bronze/files
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ mv *.TXT ../bronze/files
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ mv *.csv ../bronze/files
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ mv *.db ../bronze/files
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ ls
data data.tar.gz TNVED2.Txt TNVED3.Txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/temp$ mv *.Txt ../bronze/files
Просмотр первых строк файла
Просмотр кодировки файла
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/files$ file -i TNVED1.TXT
TNVED1.TXT: text/plain; charset=unknown-8bit
Смена кодировки файла
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/files$ iconv -f CP866 -t UTF-8 TNVED1.TXT -o tnved1_utf.txt
Просмотр кодировки файла
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/files$ file -i tnved1_utf.txt
tnved1_utf.txt: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Просмотр первых строк файла
Смена кодировки остальных файлов
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/files$ iconv -f CP866 -t UTF-8 TNVED1.TXT -o tnved2_utf.txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/files$ iconv -f CP866 -t UTF-8 TNVED3.Txt -o tnved3_utf.txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/files$ ls
GAZ.csv oksm.csv test.txt tnved1_utf.txt tnved2_utf.txt tnved3_utf.txt
okato.csv pizza_orders.db TNVED1.TXT TNVED2.Txt TNVED3.Txt
Перенос перекодированных файлов в silver/files
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/files$ mv tnved*_utf.* ../../silver/files/
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/bronze/files$ cd ../../silver/files/
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/silver/files$ ls -l
total 2496
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 267224 Mar 8 09:15 tnved1_utf.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 267224 Mar 8 09:18 tnved2_utf.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 2013503 Mar 8 09:18 tnved3_utf.txt
Замена символа | на || с помощью редактора nano
Командой ^\ перейти в режим замены, ^o - сохранить, ^x - выйти
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/silver/files$ nano tnved1_utf.txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/silver/files$ nano tnved2_utf.txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/silver/files$ nano tnved3_utf.txt
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder/silver/files$ mv tnved*_utf.txt ../../gold/files/
Иоговая структура файлов
user@ubuntu1804-test:~/my_test_folder$ ls -R
.:
bronze gold silver temp
./bronze:
files media
./bronze/files:
GAZ.csv oksm.csv test.txt TNVED2.Txt
okato.csv pizza_orders.db TNVED1.TXT TNVED3.Txt
./bronze/media:
linux_logo.jpg MIREA_gerb_rgb.eps MIREA_gerb_rgb.png
MIREA_gerb_rgb.jpg
./gold:
files media
./gold/files:
tnved1_utf.txt tnved2_utf.txt tnved3_utf.txt
./gold/media:
./silver:
files media
./silver/files:
./silver/media:
./temp:
data.tar.gz
React
Typescript
Django
Laravel
Facebook
Microsoft
Google
Alibaba
D3
Tencent