rust-embedded-study-avr

Rust Embedded programming study for AVR

research and learn

bool processing

• bitvec
• bitvec - crates.io: Rust Package Registry
• bitvec - Rust
• bitvecto-rs/bitvec: A crate for managing memory bit by bit

issues and solution

progmem variables, immutable const data

• Automatically making immutable const data reside in program memory · Issue #74 · avr-rust/rust-legacy-fork

• [llvm-dev] Built in progmem variables in AVR

• Add syntax for allocating static data to program memory · Issue #84 · avr-rust/rust-legacy-fork

• Switch lookup tables end up in .data instead of .text by default · Issue #69 · avr-rust/rust-legacy-fork

• Switch lookup tables are not properly placed in program memory · Issue #47 · avr-rust/rust-legacy-fork

• AVR is Harvard architecture · Issue #53 · avr-rust/rust-legacy-fork

• search "LPM" about discusvsion

• Johannes Wågen @jwagen Aug 13 2020 04:54

  I have not seen any of the avr library crate implement functionality for that, but I might have missed something. It should be possible to place a string in flash by doing something like:

  #[link_section=".progmem"]
  pub static my_var2: [u8; 8]  = *b"deadbeef";
  

  As far as reading I am not quite sure. On some devices I think you should be able to just use read_volatile, but with devices with more memory I think a little bit of assembly might be possible. Take this with a grain of salt as I have not tried it myself.

• Johannes Wågen @jwagen Aug 13 2020 05:24

  For the atmega328 I think this should work. I have not tested it but it does compile. let result;

  let addr = my_var2.as_ptr();
      unsafe{
          llvm_asm!(
              "lpm $0, Z\n\t"
              : "=r"(result)
              : "=z"(addr)
              : "Z"
              : volatile
          );
      }
  

• Dylan McKay @dylanmckay Sep 26 2017 09:21

  Dylan McKay @dylanmckay Sep 26 2017 09:21 @neu-rah LLVM is much nicer than GCC in this regard it will never be necessary to have to think about address spaces when loading/storing in any case, because the LLVM language annotates variables with address spaces and generates the correct instruction transparently for example (assume we have an attribute to mark a static as in program memory, which we currently do not)

  static NAME_PROGMEM: &'static str =  "hello world"; // program memory
  static NAME_RAM: &'static str = "foo bar"; // RAM
  fn main() {
      let length_progmem = NAME_PROGMEM.len();
      let length_ram = NAME_RAM.len();
      ...
  } 
  

  this program will work fine - if Rust marks a variable as in program memory, LLVM will automatically generate a lpm instruction to load from program memory, as opposed to the ld[d] instruction that is usually used for RAM because of this, the Rust code will be indifferent to address space, and we will never need any manky hacks like (PGM_P)pgm_read_word(&(string_table[i])), which GCC uses [1] [1] http://www.nongnu.org/avr-libc/user-manual/pgmspace.html

LLVM ERROR: Not supported instr: <MCInst 312 <MCOperand Reg:1> <MCOperand Imm:13> <MCOperand Reg:41>>

• Jacobtread @jacobtread Oct 18 15:32

  Hello everyone I am looking to make some custom firmware for my usb rubber ducky from the original firmware source https://github.com/hak5darren/USB-Rubber-Ducky/blob/master/Firmware/Source/Ducky_HID/Framework.config I have gathered that the chip is a Atmel AT32UC3B http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/doc32059.pdf and its avr32. I've tried to build the example avr target project thing (build --target avr-unknown-gnu-atmega328 -Z build-std=core --all --release) but it always fails with the following error Compiling compiler_builtins v0.1.49 Compiling avr-std-stub v1.0.3 LLVM ERROR: Not supported instr: <MCInst 312 > error: could not compile compiler_builtins Process finished with exit code 101 Can someone help me get this setup properly or fix this error rahix @rahix:matrix.org [m] Oct 18 15:46 you need an older rust compiler, use nightly-2021-01-07

stk500_getsync() attempt 10 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00

• https://gitter.im/avr-rust/Lobby?at=6186efd42197144e84ae360a

  jatsekku @jatsekku:matrix.org [m] Nov 07 05:12 Hi guys! it's not stricte rusty but today i wanted to play with arduino on my arch (5.10.77-3-lts) and I can't connect to bootloader using ravedude/arduino IDE It's based on CH340 and I was getting error avrdude: stk500_getsync() attempt 10 of 10: not in sync: resp=0x00 some weeks ago everything was fine but it's not working anymore, I tried to load 'fixed' module: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/ch34x-dkms-git/ but it didn't help. Do you have any ideas?

SIGSEGV when compiling on latest nightly #25

• SIGSEGV when compiling on latest nightly · Issue #25 · avr-rust/blink
• LTO causes undefined references to core::panicking::panic · Issue #79 · rust-lang/compiler-builtins

avr-binutils linker

• Aug 23 2017 14:38

  Dylan McKay @dylanmckay Aug 23 2017 14:38 I think that we'd have to rely on avr-binutils being installed - Rust does not currently use the LLVM linker (it's under the LLVM project, but it's a completely separate library) The function issue is the main one I'm worried about. All of the others have only occurred in libcore, and we commented those parts out I don't think that'd be a problem, I'm sure the ARM Rust target also relies on the ARM binutils linker the compiler-builtins crate would also solve our problems, including the shift operator missing symbol thing of course, it wouldn't be very hard to enable AVR for compiler-rt if we did want to use that library though (or even compiler-rt), we'd have to roll our own versions of the AVR-GCC routines with custom calling conventions and merge it there

AVR instructions

Bit transfer BST (Bit STore) BLD (Bit LoaD)

• equivalent C code for assembly instructions BST, BLD | AVR Freaks
• Copy bit from register to register | AVR Freaks
• AVR GCC writing a bit from one byte into another - EmbDev.net

AVR Documents

Rust docs

• Rust local doc
• Rust local doc - core lib

Rust Tutorial, Summary, quick learn

• Rust 教程 | 菜鸟教程
• Rust for Embedded C Programmers | OpenTitan Documentation
  • 【译】为 嵌入式 C 程序员编写的 Rust 指南
    • https://www.notion.so/larisqiao/C-Rust-c71d36dcee8946ddb1fdb0967999a619

Rust books

• The Rust Programming Language - The Rust Programming Language
• Rust 程序设计语言 - Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版
  • Rust 程序设计语言 - Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版 Shenzhen mirror
  • KaiserY/trpl-zh-cn: Rust 程序设计语言（第二版 & 2018 edition）
  • Rust 程序设计语言（第一版）
  • Rust 程式設計語言 - Rust 程式設計語言
  • rust-tw/book-tw: Rust 程式設計語言（正體中文翻譯）

AVR Rust

• The AVR-Rust Guidebook

AVR Rust projects

• laris/rust-embedded-study-avr

  Rust Embedded programming study for AVR

• avr-rust/avr-config: Retrieve the target CPU frequency at runtime on Rust AVR projects

• avr-rust/awesome-avr-rust: A list of useful AVR libraries and cool projects, PRs welcome!

• Rahix Rahix's Blog

  • Rahix/avr-hal

    embedded-hal abstractions for AVR microcontrollers

  • Rahix/avr-hal-template: cargo-generate template for avr-hal projects
  • Rahix/avr-device: Register access crate for AVR microcontrollers
  • Rahix/atdf2svd: Converter from Atmel's atdf format to CMSIS SVD
  • Write your own Arduino millis() in Rust
  • Rahix -> ravedude
  • avr-hal/ravedude Rahix/avr-hal

    ravedude is a tool I created to seamlessly run Rust code on AVR microcontrollers with nothing more than the usual cargo run. This is very much inspired by the great cargo-embed tool!

• vlisivka/rust-arduino-hello-world

• vlisivka/rust-arduino-blink

• vlisivka/rapt - Rust-Arduino Pin Tester

• Optimizing constant bitshifts on AVR

• Debug AVR programs using simavr and avr-gdb

• avr-progmem - crates.io: Rust Package Registry

  • Cryptjar/avr-progmem-rs: Progmem utility for the AVR architecture

• rust - Getting sequence of bytes (u8) from a char - Stack Overflow

• linked_list_allocator — Rust memory management library // Lib.rs

• phil-opp/blog_os: Writing an OS in Rust

  • Writing an OS in Rust
  • Writing an OS in Rust (First Edition)
  • Set Up Rust | Writing an OS in Rust (First Edition)

• tsao-chi/avr-water-lamp8:

  avr water lamp 8, base on https://github.com/avr-rust/blink, simple portb gpio + delay

• https://github.com/tsao-chi/avr-button-lamp8

  No code

• audioXD/avrflash:

  Rust avr flashing utility (Reserved)

  No code

• q231950/avr-atmega168-rust

  base on avr-hal

• Rust on AVR: Beyond Blinking (12 May 2017)

  • gergoerdi/chirp8-avr: CHIP-8 implementation in Rust targeting AVR microcontrollers

• kunerd/avr-blink-svd: Proof of concept: generate code for attiny2313 with the help of svd2rust

Forum and discussion

• EmbDev.net

ARM arch

• DMA on the SAMD21
• Rust on RTL8710 running FreeRTOS
  • https://www.notion.so/larisqiao/Rust-on-RTL8710-running-FreeRTOS-894a63f063e146c99541f6b4caa03a14
  • arm - Undefined reference to objects from the core library when compiling Rust for RTL8710 - Stack Overflow

AVR Rust News

• 【Rust日报】2020-08-27 在Arduino Uno上面跑 Rust 程序 - Rust语言中文社区

  Cupnfish 发表于 2020-08-27 17:48 在Arduino Uno上面跑 Rust 程序

  很久之前，为了在 Arduino上跑 Rust，还必须安装专门经过改造支持 AVR 的 Rust 编译器 ：rust-avr 。 一个月之前，rust-avr 已经被合并到了 Rust master 分支，这意味着你在 Nightly 下就可以玩 Arduino了。

  并且包含了一本新书 The AVR-Rust Guidebook ： https://book.avr-rust.com/

  rust-avr 项目官网： https://www.avr-rust.com/

  这篇文章就是一个教程。

  https://dev.to/creativcoder/how-to-run-rust-on-arduino-uno-40c0

  via https://t.me/rust_daily_news/4495

• 【Rust 日报】2021-08-29 Tangram：训练、部署和监控机器学习模型

  长琴 发表于 2021-08-29 20:17 Tags：rust,日报 Embedded Rust 第一步：选择一块板子 内容整理自 robyoung (Rob Young) 的文章：First steps with Embedded Rust: Selecting a board 有这么多令人眼花缭乱的微控制器和项目，对于嵌入式经验很少的人来说应该从哪里开始？ 我们在开发板中想要什么？ 良好的架构支持 良好的芯片支持 活跃的社区 内置调试器 我们需要什么架构？ 拥有最完整库、最详尽指南和最大社区的架构是 ARM Cortex-M。 ARM Cortex-M 是面向微控制器应用的低功耗、低成本处理器。 查看 crates.io 上的下载量虽说不是一个完美的指标，但可以让我们了解规模上的差异。在过去的 90 天内，cortex-m 的下载量超过 250k。 RISC-V、AVR 或 Xtensa 最多有 3k 次下载，cortex-a 有大约 18k 次下载。ARM Cortex-M 独树一帜。 AVR：AVR 是用于嵌入式系统的 8 位微控制器系列。在 Rust 生态系统中，它们并没有得到很好的支持。直到最近，还需要使用 rustc 的一个分支来构建 AVR。 现在有几个不同的选择，awesome-avr-rust 是一个很好的起点。

  • First steps with Embedded Rust: Selecting a board 26 August 2021

• 【Rust日报】 2020-08-20 Chrome 的 Rust 与 C++ 的互操作性

  Rust on Arduino Uno 这是作者使用 Rust 在 Arduino 上实践的系列博文的第一篇，如何在 Arduino Uno 上点亮小灯💡。在撰写本文时，大约一个月前，avr-rust 分支被合并了（https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/44052）。 这意味着现在可以通过仅运行cargo + nightly 构建，为目标（avr-unknown-unknown）提供一个 .cargo/config.toml 来为 avr 微控制器板编译 Rust 程序。 更多请看原文：https://creativcoder.dev/rust-on-arduino-uno

• 【Rust日报】2020-07-24 Rust 编译器（nightly版）支持 AVR 了

  Rust 编译器（nightly版）支持 AVR 了 来自Reddit的热评： I Have a few Arduinos lying around... maybe I can bring them back to life with Rust AVR 项目官网的简介： The standard Rust nightly compiler can be used to compile crates for AVR - no compiling from source required.

  推荐库：https://github.com/esp-rs

  Read More

• 【Rust日报】2020-06-14 - 论文《 过去十年C++的演变》

  AVR被合并进Rust中 #rust #avr Read More

• 【Rust日报】 2019-03-02

  「嵌入式Rust讨论」用什么硬件可以更容易地开始用Rust进行嵌入式开发 #embeded 有人在Reddit发帖询问此问题，他用的是Arduino，但是使用Cpp和Rust都非常痛苦。即便使用针对Arduino的Rust版本avr也不太稳定，所以他想问问什么硬件更适合入门者？ 回复中有人提到，使用基于ARM Cortex-M的硬件，比如STM-32 uC更好，Rust对该硬件体系支持的更好。可以配合discovery book一书学习。 评论中也有其他建议可以看看。

  Reddit 讨论

  discovery book

• 【Rust每日新闻】 2018-12-17

  「嵌入式Rust」Rust对Arduino支持进展调查 #arduino 因为Arduino使用的是AVR微控制器，但Rust目前还未支持AVR。但Rust嵌入式开发组已经有计划支持AVR。 感兴趣的朋友可以关注此issues： AVR support 目前也有一个avr-project GitHub项目组独立fork了Rust，提供了对AVR的支持。在官方Rust未支持AVR之前，可以使用这个，看上去还非常活跃。 avr-rust