Comments (3)
Specular reflection could potentially be replaced by retro reflection using a binary flag (if true, light is directly reflected to the emitter). What seems to be more complex is diffuse reflection. How could this be modelled in the case of a retro-reflector?
It seems to be unrealistic to model this effect by geometry for camera or LIDAR. For larger wavelengths (e.g. radar), the problem may be solved by geometry...
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Some insights: Retroreflectivity can apparently be quantified by
- Coefficient of Retroreflectivity in cd/(lx m^2): Ratio of brightness to illuminance for specific entrance and observation angles
- Retroreflective Efficiency in %: Percentage of light returned back towards its source by the retroreflector
(Source: http://www.egroupnet.com/3M/tss/minimumreflectivity/retroreflective.asp)
In Germany there are norms classifying traffic signs according to their coefficient of retroreflectivity in three classes: RA1 - RA3. Depending on the class, they can be used e.g. in parking lots, inner city or on the highway (highest class).
(Source: https://www.reflexfolie.de/glossar/reflexionsklassen-und-reflexfolienaufbau)
Values of the coefficient of retroreflectivity can also be found for license plates, e.g. here.
There is also measuring equipment for measure the coefficient of retroreflectivity. So at a first glance this seems to be more widely used than the retroreflective efficiency.
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