IKEA VINDRIKTNING Air Quality Sensor connected to LoRaWAN and The Things Network with Apache NuttX OS
Read the article...
Let's transmit the PM 2.5 Sensor Data from IKEA VINDRIKTNING Air Quality Sensor to The Things Network (via LoRaWAN)...
-
We'll transmit the data with the IKEA Sensor connected to PineDio Stack BL604 running Apache NuttX OS
-
We'll visualise the Sensor Data with Prometheus and Grafana
I found the VINDRIKTNING sensor at my local IKEA Store (IKEA Tampines Singapore), in the Lighting Section, near the Air Purifiers.
(Wow IKEA has Air Purifiers now)
Watch the IKEA Sensor on YouTube
To add this repo to your NuttX project...
## TODO: Change this to the path of our "incubator-nuttx-apps/examples" folder
pushd nuttx/apps/examples
git submodule add https://github.com/lupyuen/ikea_air_quality_sensor
popdThen update the NuttX Build Config...
## TODO: Change this to the path of our "incubator-nuttx" folder
cd nuttx/nuttx
## Preserve the Build Config
cp .config ../config
## Erase the Build Config and Kconfig files
make distclean
## For BL602: Configure the build for BL602
./tools/configure.sh bl602evb:nsh
## For ESP32: Configure the build for ESP32.
## TODO: Change "esp32-devkitc" to our ESP32 board.
./tools/configure.sh esp32-devkitc:nsh
## Restore the Build Config
cp ../config .config
## Edit the Build Config
make menuconfig In menuconfig, enable the IKEA Air Quality Sensor App under "Application Configuration" → "Examples".
We configure the UART Port on Apache NuttX OS for the IKEA Sensor...
make menuconfigEnable UART1:
- Select "System Type → BL602 Peripheral Support"
- Check "UART1"
Set to 9600 bps:
- Select "Device Drivers → Serial Driver Support → UART1 Configuration"
- Set "BAUD rate" to 9600
Enable cat:
- Select "Application Configuration → NSH Library → Disable Individual commands"
- Uncheck "Disable cat"
Build and flash NuttX OS to PineDio Stack BL604.
IKEA Sensor is now connected to NuttX OS at /dev/ttyS1
We expose the UART Port on IKEA Sensor by soldering these pads...
| UART Pin | IKEA Sensor | Wire Colour |
|---|---|---|
| UART Tx | REST | Blue |
| GND | GND | Black |
To transmit the PM 2.5 readings to The Things Network via LoRaWAN, we connect the IKEA Sensor to PineDio Stack BL604...
| Function | GPIO | PineDio Stack | IKEA Sensor | Wire Colour |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RX | GPIO 3 | 14 | REST | Blue |
| TX | GPIO 4 | 13 | Unused | |
| GND | GND | 20 | GND | Black |
Connect USB Ports of IKEA Sensor and PineDio Stack BL604 to the same computer. Remember: Only One Power Source!
PineDio Stack BL604 has a onboard Semtech SX1262 LoRa Transceiver, so it talks to LoRaWAN and The Things Network.
(More about LoRaWAN On PineDio Stack)
Run the following command to test the IKEA Sensor on NuttX OS...
nsh> ikea_air_quality_sensor
16 11 0b 00 00 00 17 00 00 02 ff 00 00 00 21 02 00 00 0b 88
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 23 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 17 00 00 02 ff 00 00 00 21 02 00 00 0b 88
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 23 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 04 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 80
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 04 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 80
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 04 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 80
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 03 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 81
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 02 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 82
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 02 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 82
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 02 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 82
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 04 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 80
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 04 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 80
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 03 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 81
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 03 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 81
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 18 00 00 03 02 00 00 00 22 02 00 00 0b 82
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 24 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 17 00 00 03 01 00 00 00 21 02 00 00 0b 85
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 23 µg/m³
16 11 0b 00 00 00 17 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 21 02 00 00 0b 86
Got PM2.5 Concentration: 23 µg/m³
Before testing with Apache NuttX OS, we sniffed the IKEA Sensor's UART Port with Bus Pirate. Connect Bus Pirate to IKEA Sensor as follows...
| Bus Pirate | IKEA Sensor | Wire Colour |
|---|---|---|
| Data In (MISO) | REST | Blue |
| GND | GND | Black |
Connect USB Ports of IKEA Sensor and Bus Pirate to the same computer. Remember: Only One Power Source!
Enter these Bus Pirate commands to capture the UART output from IKEA Sensor (9600 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit)...
HiZ>m
1. HiZ
2. 1-WIRE
3. UART
4. I2C
5. SPI
6. 2WIRE
7. 3WIRE
8. KEYB
9. LCD
10. PIC
11. DIO
x. exit(without change)
(1)>3
Set serial port speed: (bps)
1. 300
2. 1200
3. 2400
4. 4800
5. 9600
6. 19200
7. 38400
8. 57600
9. 115200
10. Input Custom BAUD
11. Auto-Baud Detection (Activity Required)
(1)>5
Data bits and parity:
1. 8, NONE *default
2. 8, EVEN
3. 8, ODD
4. 9, NONE
(1)>
Stop bits:
1. 1 *default
2. 2
(1)>
Receive polarity:
1. Idle 1 *default
2. Idle 0
(1)>
Select output type:
1. Open drain (H=Hi-Z, L=GND)
2. Normal (H=3.3V, L=GND)
(1)>
Clutch disengaged!!!
To finish setup, start up the power supplies with command 'W'
Ready
UART>W
POWER SUPPLIES ON
Clutch engaged!!!
See below for the ASCII and Binary Logs.
(More about Bus Pirate interfacing with UART)
ASCII Log of UART Output from IKEA Sensor...
UART>(2)
Raw UART input
Any key to exit
<@:
<B:
�[6C:;8
�[9C:;8
�[12C9:7
�[16C997!
�[20C987"
�[24C876%
�[28C876%
�[32C876%
�[36C866&
�[40C856'
�[44C745*
�[48C745*
�[52C745*
�[56C745*
�[60C735+
�[64C614/
�[68C614/
�[72C614/
�[76C614/
�[79C
�[37;80H 624.
�[4C624.
�[8C624.
�[12C614/
�[16C614/
�[20C614/
�[24C6040
�[28C6040
�[32C5/33
�[36C5.34
�[40C4,28
�[44C4,28
�[48C5-35
�[52C5.34
�[56C5.34
�[60C5-35
�[64C4,28
�[68C2%0C
�[72C2%0C
�[76C2&0B
�[79C
�[37;80H 2'0A
�[4C3)1=
�[8C3*1<
�[12C4+29
Binary Log of UART Output from IKEA Sensor...
UART>{
UART LIVE DISPLAY, } TO STOP
UART>
READ: -f 0x00
UART>
READ: -f 0x00
UART>
READ: -f 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x16
UART>
READ: 0x11
UART>
READ: 0x0B
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x3D
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x03
UART>
READ: 0x45
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x3B
UART>
READ: 0x01
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
READ: 0x00
UART>
Based on the PM1006 Datasheet, we decode the Sensor Data (20 bytes) as follows...
Header: 0x16 0x11 0x0B
Unused: 0x00 0x00
PM2.5: 0x00 0x36
Unused: 0x00 0x00 0x03 0x32 0x00 0x00
Unused: 0x00 0x34 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00
Checksum: 0x2E
This gives the PM 2.5 value of 54 (0x0036).
To validate the Checksum, all 20 bytes must add up to 0.
Here's a quick way to test the IKEA Sensor with NuttX OS. Enter these NuttX commands to read the UART port and dump the data...
nsh> ls /dev
/dev:
console
gpio0
gpio1
gpio2
null
spi0
spitest0
timer0
ttyS1
urandom
zero
nsh> cat /dev/ttyS1
3(1>
2'0A
2%0C
1$/F
.,T
.,T
.
.,V
.,V
-+Y
-+Y
To see the binary data, modify the GPS Demo App: gps_main.c...
/* Read until we complete a line */
cnt = 0;
do
{
read(fd, &ch, 1);
// Insert this line to dump the data in hex:
printf("%02x ", ch);Build and run the modified GPS Demo App...
nsh> gps
00 00
16 11 0b 00 00 00 39 00 00 03 39 00 00 00 37 01 00 00 00 21
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2b 00 00 03 17 00 00 00 29 01 00 00 00 5f
16 11 0b 00 00 00 32 00 00 03 26 00 00 00 30 01 00 00 00 42
16 11 0b 00 00 00 31 00 00 03 24 00 00 00 2f 01 00 00 00 46
16 11 0b 00 00 00 31 00 00 03 24 00 00 00 2f 01 00 00 00 46
16 11 0b 00 00 00 31 00 00 03 23 00 00 00 2f 01 00 00 00 47
16 11 0b 00 00 00 31 00 00 03 22 00 00 00 2f 01 00 00 00 48
16 11 0b 00 00 00 30 00 00 03 21 00 00 00 2e 01 00 00 00 4b
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2f 00 00 03 1f 00 00 00 2d 01 00 00 00 4f
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2f 00 00 03 1f 00 00 00 2d 01 00 00 00 4f
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2f 00 00 03 1f 00 00 00 2d 01 00 00 00 4f
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2f 00 00 03 1e 00 00 00 2d 01 00 00 00 50
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2f 00 00 03 1e 00 00 00 2d 01 00 00 00 50
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2f 00 00 03 1d 00 00 00 2d 01 00 00 00 51
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2e 00 00 03 1c 00 00 00 2c 01 00 00 00 54
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2e 00 00 03 1c 00 00 00 2c 01 00 00 00 54
16 11 0b 00 00 00 2e 00 00 03 1c 00 00 00 2c 01 00 00 00 54
Yep we see the 20-byte frames of Sensor Data, and the PM 2.5 encoded inside!
PM 2.5 = 46 (0x002e)
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