Jones calculus for the polarization of light.

Polarized light is represented by a Jones vector, and linear optical elements are represented by Jones matrices. The state behind an optical element is given by the Jones vector multiplied by the corresponding Jones matrix. Note that the Jones calculus only works for fully polarized light.

See Wikipedia for a detailed description.

• Linear polarizer
• Half-wave plate
• Quarter-wave plate

Transmit H-polarized light through a half-wave plate at 45 deg:

import math
from jonescalculus import jonescalculus as jones

jv1 = jones.JonesVector(preset='H')
hwp = jones.HalfWavePlate(math.radians(45))  # Half-wave plate at angle 45 deg wrt x-axis
hwp*jv1