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ruby-5-minute-demo-voice's Introduction

Vonage 5 Minute Demo: Create and Answer Voice Calls With Ruby

Contributor Covenant MIT licensed

Nexmo is now known as Vonage

This is a demo app showcasing how to get up and running with the Vonage Voice API in Ruby.

Users can call the application, which will then save their phone number. The application can then be used to randomly select a caller and call them back informing them they were selected.

Requirements

This app requires Ruby v2.7 or greater and the following gems:

These are all included in the project's Gemfile and will be installed when you run bundle install from the command line.

Installation

Once you clone the repository, make sure its dependencies are installed on your local machine:

$ bundle install

Then you will want to create the PostgreSQL database by first running bundle exec rake db:load_config and then bundle exec rake db:migrate.

Usage

This application requires a Vonage provisioned virtual number that is linked to a Voice Voice application. Both of those items can be created from your Vonage Dashboard. The phone number you create in the Dashboard will be the number that you will call to use your application.

You will need to provide an answer URL for the application you create that corresponds to the answer route provided in the app.rb file. The answer URL needs to be an externally accessible URL that ends with /webhooks/answer. For example, if your URL was example.com, then your answer URL would be http://example.com/webhooks/answer.

Voice API URL settings

Next, open up the app.rb file in your preferred code editor and both your Vonage application ID and your Vonage phone number to the constants defined in the file:

VONAGE_APPLICATION_ID = ''
VONAGE_NUMBER = ''

Make sure to also add your Vonage API key and your Vonage API secret to your .env file. You can rename the .env.sample file provided in this repository to .env and fill in the values there.

Lastly, make sure to generate a public and private key in your Vonage API Dashboard for your application and save the private key to the root folder of this project. Do not forget to also press the Save button in the dashboard to ensure that the key has been stored successfully for your account.

Once that is completed you can run the application by executing the following command:

$ bundle exec ruby app.rb

The above command will begin a web server running on port 3000.

The application is now ready to call.

When you are ready to select a winner you can visit http://localhost:3000/winner and the application will choose one caller at random and call them.

If you are running this for a one-time event or do not want to persist the data you can execute bundle exec rake db:drop at the conclusion of your use of the application. This will drop the database and delete all of the records.

License

This library is released under the MIT License

ruby-5-minute-demo-voice's People

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ruby-5-minute-demo-voice's Issues

sinatra-activerecord-2.0.21.gem: 7 vulnerabilities (highest severity is: 9.8)

Vulnerable Library - sinatra-activerecord-2.0.21.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Vulnerabilities

CVE Severity CVSS Exploit Maturity EPSS Dependency Type Fixed in (sinatra-activerecord version) Remediation Possible** Reachability
CVE-2022-32224 Critical 9.8 Not Defined 0.1% activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2023-22794 High 8.8 Not Defined 0.1% activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2022-31163 High 8.1 Not Defined 0.3% tzinfo-1.2.8.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2023-22796 High 7.5 Not Defined 0.1% activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2022-44566 High 7.5 Not Defined 0.1% activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2021-22880 High 7.5 Not Defined 0.6% activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2023-38037 Medium 4.3 Not Defined activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem Transitive N/A* ❌

*For some transitive vulnerabilities, there is no version of direct dependency with a fix. Check the "Details" section below to see if there is a version of transitive dependency where vulnerability is fixed.

**In some cases, Remediation PR cannot be created automatically for a vulnerability despite the availability of remediation

Details

CVE-2022-32224

Vulnerable Library - activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Databases on Rails. Build a persistent domain model by mapping database tables to Ruby classes. Strong conventions for associations, validations, aggregations, migrations, and testing come baked-in.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-activerecord-2.0.21.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A possible escalation to RCE vulnerability exists when using YAML serialized columns in Active Record < 7.0.3.1, <6.1.6.1, <6.0.5.1 and <5.2.8.1 which could allow an attacker, that can manipulate data in the database (via means like SQL injection), the ability to escalate to an RCE.

Publish Date: 2022-12-05

URL: CVE-2022-32224

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (9.8)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: High
    • Integrity Impact: High
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-3hhc-qp5v-9p2j

Release Date: 2022-12-05

Fix Resolution: activerecord - 5.2.8.1,6.0.5.1,6.1.6.1,7.0.3.1

CVE-2023-22794

Vulnerable Library - activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Databases on Rails. Build a persistent domain model by mapping database tables to Ruby classes. Strong conventions for associations, validations, aggregations, migrations, and testing come baked-in.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-activerecord-2.0.21.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A vulnerability in ActiveRecord <6.0.6.1, v6.1.7.1 and v7.0.4.1 related to the sanitization of comments. If malicious user input is passed to either the annotate query method, the optimizer_hints query method, or through the QueryLogs interface which automatically adds annotations, it may be sent to the database withinsufficient sanitization and be able to inject SQL outside of the comment.

Publish Date: 2023-02-09

URL: CVE-2023-22794

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (8.8)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: Low
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: High
    • Integrity Impact: High
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-hq7p-j377-6v63

Release Date: 2023-02-09

Fix Resolution: activerecord - 6.0.6.1,6.1.7.1,7.0.4.1

CVE-2022-31163

Vulnerable Library - tzinfo-1.2.8.gem

TZInfo provides daylight savings aware transformations between times in different time zones.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/tzinfo-1.2.8.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/tzinfo-1.2.8.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-activerecord-2.0.21.gem (Root Library)
    • activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem
      • activemodel-6.0.3.4.gem
        • activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem
          • ❌ tzinfo-1.2.8.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

TZInfo is a Ruby library that provides access to time zone data and allows times to be converted using time zone rules. Versions prior to 0.36.1, as well as those prior to 1.2.10 when used with the Ruby data source tzinfo-data, are vulnerable to relative path traversal. With the Ruby data source, time zones are defined in Ruby files. There is one file per time zone. Time zone files are loaded with require on demand. In the affected versions, TZInfo::Timezone.get fails to validate time zone identifiers correctly, allowing a new line character within the identifier. With Ruby version 1.9.3 and later, TZInfo::Timezone.get can be made to load unintended files with require, executing them within the Ruby process. Versions 0.3.61 and 1.2.10 include fixes to correctly validate time zone identifiers. Versions 2.0.0 and later are not vulnerable. Version 0.3.61 can still load arbitrary files from the Ruby load path if their name follows the rules for a valid time zone identifier and the file has a prefix of tzinfo/definition within a directory in the load path. Applications should ensure that untrusted files are not placed in a directory on the load path. As a workaround, the time zone identifier can be validated before passing to TZInfo::Timezone.get by ensuring it matches the regular expression \A[A-Za-z0-9+\-_]+(?:\/[A-Za-z0-9+\-_]+)*\z.

Publish Date: 2022-07-22

URL: CVE-2022-31163

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.3%

CVSS 3 Score Details (8.1)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: High
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: High
    • Integrity Impact: High
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-5cm2-9h8c-rvfx

Release Date: 2022-07-22

Fix Resolution: tzinfo - 0.3.61,1.2.10

CVE-2023-22796

Vulnerable Library - activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem

A toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. Rich support for multibyte strings, internationalization, time zones, and testing.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-activerecord-2.0.21.gem (Root Library)
    • activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem
      • ❌ activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A regular expression based DoS vulnerability in Active Support <6.1.7.1 and <7.0.4.1. A specially crafted string passed to the underscore method can cause the regular expression engine to enter a state of catastrophic backtracking. This can cause the process to use large amounts of CPU and memory, leading to a possible DoS vulnerability.

Publish Date: 2023-02-09

URL: CVE-2023-22796

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-j6gc-792m-qgm2

Release Date: 2023-02-09

Fix Resolution: activesupport - 6.1.7.1,7.0.4.1

CVE-2022-44566

Vulnerable Library - activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Databases on Rails. Build a persistent domain model by mapping database tables to Ruby classes. Strong conventions for associations, validations, aggregations, migrations, and testing come baked-in.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-activerecord-2.0.21.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A denial of service vulnerability present in ActiveRecord's PostgreSQL adapter <7.0.4.1 and <6.1.7.1. When a value outside the range for a 64bit signed integer is provided to the PostgreSQL connection adapter, it will treat the target column type as numeric. Comparing integer values against numeric values can result in a slow sequential scan resulting in potential Denial of Service.

Publish Date: 2023-02-09

URL: CVE-2022-44566

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-579w-22j4-4749

Release Date: 2023-02-09

Fix Resolution: activerecord - 6.1.7.1,7.0.4.1

CVE-2021-22880

Vulnerable Library - activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Databases on Rails. Build a persistent domain model by mapping database tables to Ruby classes. Strong conventions for associations, validations, aggregations, migrations, and testing come baked-in.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-activerecord-2.0.21.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

The PostgreSQL adapter in Active Record before 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5, 5.2.4.5 suffers from a regular expression denial of service (REDoS) vulnerability. Carefully crafted input can cause the input validation in the money type of the PostgreSQL adapter in Active Record to spend too much time in a regular expression, resulting in the potential for a DoS attack. This only impacts Rails applications that are using PostgreSQL along with money type columns that take user input.

Publish Date: 2021-02-11

URL: CVE-2021-22880

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.6%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: https://discuss.rubyonrails.org/t/cve-2021-22880-possible-dos-vulnerability-in-active-record-postgresql-adapter/77129

Release Date: 2021-02-11

Fix Resolution: 5.2.4.5,6.0.3.5,6.1.2.1

CVE-2023-38037

Vulnerable Library - activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem

A toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. Rich support for multibyte strings, internationalization, time zones, and testing.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-activerecord-2.0.21.gem (Root Library)
    • activerecord-6.0.3.4.gem
      • ❌ activesupport-6.0.3.4.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Active Support Possibly Discloses Locally Encrypted Files

Publish Date: 2023-07-12

URL: CVE-2023-38037

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS:

CVSS 3 Score Details (4.3)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: Low
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: Low
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: None

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-cr5q-6q9f-rq6q

Release Date: 2023-07-12

Fix Resolution: activesupport - 6.1.7.5,7.0.7.1

sinatra-2.1.0.gem: 12 vulnerabilities (highest severity is: 10.0)

Vulnerable Library - sinatra-2.1.0.gem

Sinatra is a DSL for quickly creating web applications in Ruby with minimal effort.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/sinatra-2.1.0.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /che/sinatra-2.1.0.gem

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Vulnerabilities

CVE Severity CVSS Exploit Maturity EPSS Dependency Type Fixed in (sinatra version) Remediation Possible** Reachability
CVE-2022-30123 Critical 10.0 Not Defined 0.3% rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2022-45442 High 8.8 Not Defined 0.2% sinatra-2.1.0.gem Direct sinatra - 2.2.3,3.0.4 ✅
CVE-2023-27539 High 7.5 Not Defined rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2023-27530 High 7.5 Not Defined 0.1% rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2022-44572 High 7.5 Not Defined 0.1% rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2022-44571 High 7.5 Not Defined 0.1% rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2022-44570 High 7.5 Not Defined 0.1% rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2022-30122 High 7.5 Not Defined 0.1% rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2022-29970 High 7.5 Not Defined 0.2% sinatra-2.1.0.gem Direct sinatra - 2.2.0 ✅
CVE-2024-26141 Medium 5.8 Not Defined 0.0% rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2024-26146 Medium 5.3 Not Defined 0.0% rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌
CVE-2024-25126 Medium 5.3 Not Defined 0.0% rack-2.2.3.gem Transitive N/A* ❌

*For some transitive vulnerabilities, there is no version of direct dependency with a fix. Check the "Details" section below to see if there is a version of transitive dependency where vulnerability is fixed.

**In some cases, Remediation PR cannot be created automatically for a vulnerability despite the availability of remediation

Details

CVE-2022-30123

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A sequence injection vulnerability exists in Rack <2.0.9.1, <2.1.4.1 and <2.2.3.1 which could allow is a possible shell escape in the Lint and CommonLogger components of Rack.

Publish Date: 2022-12-05

URL: CVE-2022-30123

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.3%

CVSS 3 Score Details (10.0)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Changed
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: High
    • Integrity Impact: High
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-wq4h-7r42-5hrr

Release Date: 2022-12-05

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.0.9.1,2.1.4.1,2.2.3.1

CVE-2022-45442

Vulnerable Library - sinatra-2.1.0.gem

Sinatra is a DSL for quickly creating web applications in Ruby with minimal effort.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/sinatra-2.1.0.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /che/sinatra-2.1.0.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • ❌ sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Sinatra is a domain-specific language for creating web applications in Ruby. An issue was discovered in Sinatra 2.0 before 2.2.3 and 3.0 before 3.0.4. An application is vulnerable to a reflected file download (RFD) attack that sets the Content-Disposition header of a response when the filename is derived from user-supplied input. Version 2.2.3 and 3.0.4 contain patches for this issue.

Publish Date: 2022-11-28

URL: CVE-2022-45442

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.2%

CVSS 3 Score Details (8.8)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: Required
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: High
    • Integrity Impact: High
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-2x8x-jmrp-phxw

Release Date: 2022-11-28

Fix Resolution: sinatra - 2.2.3,3.0.4

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2023-27539

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the header parsing component of Rack. Carefully crafted input can cause header parsing in Rack to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial of service attack vector. Any applications that parse headers using Rack (virtually all Rails applications) are impacted. The issue is fixed versions 2.2.6.4 and 3.0.6.1

Publish Date: 2023-03-03

URL: CVE-2023-27539

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS:

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: https://discuss.rubyonrails.org/t/cve-2023-27539-possible-denial-of-service-vulnerability-in-racks-header-parsing/82466

Release Date: 2023-03-03

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.2.6.4,3.0.6.1

CVE-2023-27530

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A DoS vulnerability exists in Rack <v3.0.4.2, <v2.2.6.3, <v2.1.4.3 and <v2.0.9.3 within in the Multipart MIME parsing code in which could allow an attacker to craft requests that can be abuse to cause multipart parsing to take longer than expected.

Publish Date: 2023-03-10

URL: CVE-2023-27530

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Release Date: 2023-03-10

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.0.9.3,2.1.4.3,2.2.6.3,3.0.4.2

CVE-2022-44572

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A denial of service vulnerability in the multipart parsing component of Rack fixed in 2.0.9.2, 2.1.4.2, 2.2.4.1 and 3.0.0.1 could allow an attacker tocraft input that can cause RFC2183 multipart boundary parsing in Rack to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial of service attack vector. Any applications that parse multipart posts using Rack (virtually all Rails applications) are impacted.

Publish Date: 2023-02-09

URL: CVE-2022-44572

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-rqv2-275x-2jq5

Release Date: 2023-02-09

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.0.9.2,2.1.4.2,2.2.6.2,3.0.4.1

CVE-2022-44571

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the Content-Disposition parsingcomponent of Rack fixed in 2.0.9.2, 2.1.4.2, 2.2.4.1, 3.0.0.1. This could allow an attacker to craft an input that can cause Content-Disposition header parsing in Rackto take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial ofservice attack vector. This header is used typically used in multipartparsing. Any applications that parse multipart posts using Rack (virtuallyall Rails applications) are impacted.

Publish Date: 2023-02-09

URL: CVE-2022-44571

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-93pm-5p5f-3ghx

Release Date: 2023-02-09

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.0.9.2,2.1.4.2,2.2.6.2,3.0.4.1

CVE-2022-44570

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A denial of service vulnerability in the Range header parsing component of Rack >= 1.5.0. A Carefully crafted input can cause the Range header parsing component in Rack to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial of service attack vector. Any applications that deal with Range requests (such as streaming applications, or applications that serve files) may be impacted.

Publish Date: 2023-02-09

URL: CVE-2022-44570

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-65f5-mfpf-vfhj

Release Date: 2023-02-09

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.0.9.2,2.1.4.2,2.2.6.2,3.0.4.1

CVE-2022-30122

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

A possible denial of service vulnerability exists in Rack <2.0.9.1, <2.1.4.1 and <2.2.3.1 in the multipart parsing component of Rack.

Publish Date: 2022-12-05

URL: CVE-2022-30122

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.1%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: High

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-hxqx-xwvh-44m2

Release Date: 2022-12-05

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.0.9.1,2.1.4.1,2.2.3.1

CVE-2022-29970

Vulnerable Library - sinatra-2.1.0.gem

Sinatra is a DSL for quickly creating web applications in Ruby with minimal effort.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/sinatra-2.1.0.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /che/sinatra-2.1.0.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • ❌ sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Sinatra before 2.2.0 does not validate that the expanded path matches public_dir when serving static files.

Publish Date: 2022-05-02

URL: CVE-2022-29970

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.2%

CVSS 3 Score Details (7.5)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: High
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: None

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-qp49-3pvw-x4m5

Release Date: 2022-05-02

Fix Resolution: sinatra - 2.2.0

⛑️ Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

CVE-2024-26141

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted Range headers can cause a server to respond with an unexpectedly large response. Responding with such large responses could lead to a denial of service issue. Vulnerable applications will use the Rack::File middleware or the Rack::Utils.byte_ranges methods (this includes Rails applications). The vulnerability is fixed in 3.0.9.1 and 2.2.8.1.

Publish Date: 2024-02-29

URL: CVE-2024-26141

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.0%

CVSS 3 Score Details (5.8)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Changed
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: Low

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26141

Release Date: 2024-02-29

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.2.8.1,3.0.9.1

CVE-2024-26146

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted headers can cause header parsing in Rack to take longer than expected resulting in a possible denial of service issue. Accept and Forwarded headers are impacted. Ruby 3.2 has mitigations for this problem, so Rack applications using Ruby 3.2 or newer are unaffected. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.0.9.4, 2.1.4.4, 2.2.8.1, and 3.0.9.1.

Publish Date: 2024-02-29

URL: CVE-2024-26146

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.0%

CVSS 3 Score Details (5.3)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: Low

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26146

Release Date: 2024-02-29

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.0.9.4,2.1.4.4,2.2.8.1,3.0.9.1

CVE-2024-25126

Vulnerable Library - rack-2.2.3.gem

Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Library home page: https://rubygems.org/gems/rack-2.2.3.gem

Path to dependency file: /Gemfile.lock

Path to vulnerable library: /home/wss-scanner/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/cache/rack-2.2.3.gem

Dependency Hierarchy:

  • sinatra-2.1.0.gem (Root Library)
    • ❌ rack-2.2.3.gem (Vulnerable Library)

Found in HEAD commit: 9e80ef2568d1e0d9f52f4f6143251fe7d1a9a97d

Found in base branch: main

Vulnerability Details

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted content type headers can cause Rack’s media type parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability (ReDos 2nd degree polynomial). This vulnerability is patched in 3.0.9.1 and 2.2.8.1.

Publish Date: 2024-02-29

URL: CVE-2024-25126

Threat Assessment

Exploit Maturity: Not Defined

EPSS: 0.0%

CVSS 3 Score Details (5.3)

Base Score Metrics:

  • Exploitability Metrics:
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Unchanged
  • Impact Metrics:
    • Confidentiality Impact: None
    • Integrity Impact: None
    • Availability Impact: Low

For more information on CVSS3 Scores, click here.

Suggested Fix

Type: Upgrade version

Origin: GHSA-22f2-v57c-j9cx

Release Date: 2024-02-29

Fix Resolution: rack - 2.2.8.1,3.0.9.1

⛑️Automatic Remediation will be attempted for this issue.

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