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osmo-e1-xcvr -- (C) 2011 by Harald Welte <[email protected]>
======================================================================

This is a simple hardware project that aims to generate a reusable module
for interfacing E1/T1/J1 lines from various custom FPGA/CPLD/microcontroller
projects.

The board contains tranformers, the analog circuitry, the LIU (line interface
unit), an oscillator as well as an integrated transceiver chip.

It exposes the control interface (SPI) as well as the decoded synchronous
Rx/Tx bitstreams each on a 2x5pin header.

Framer, Multiplexe,r HDLC decoder or anything like that is out-of-scope for
now.  The idea relaly is to provide an interface as low-level as possible.

One of the ideas is to create a "soft E1" interface, where the Rx/Tx bitstreams
are interfaced with the SSC of an AT91SAM3S and subsequently passed into a PC
via USB.  The 2Mbps signal is very low-bandwidth, so that a pure software
implementation should be absolutely no problem for todays computing power.

== Status ==

The project is in design phase.  Initial design has finished, but needs to be
reviewed.  First prototype PCBs will be expected in January 2012

== Hardware Documentation ==

=== JP2: TDM interface ===

JP2 contains the serial TDM bitstream + clock for Rx and Tx direction.  The signals are
||Pin||Name||Description||
||1||GND||Ground||
||2||nRST||low-active reset line, uC can reset the transceiver by pulling this low||
||3||NC||||
||4||LOS||Loss of Signal||
||5||TDN||Transmit Data Negative||
||6||RCLK||Receive Clock||
||7||TD/TDP||Transmit Data / Transmit Data Positive||
||8||RD/RDP||Receive Data / Receive Data Positive||
||9||TCLK||Transmitter Clock.  Depending on JP9, this is an input into the board, or an output
||10||RDN/CV||Receive Data Negative / Code Violation||

=== JP1: SPI control ===

This is how the external microcontroller can control the transceiver chip.

||Pin||Name||Description||
||1||GND||Ground||
||2||NC||Not connected||
||3||NC||Not connected||
||4||nINT||low-active interrupt output, when transceiver wants to interrupt uC""
||5||NC||Not connected||
||6||nCS||low-active chip-select of the SPI||
||7||NC||Not connected||
||8||SDO||Serial Data Out (MISO)||
||9||SDI||Serial Data In (MOSI)||
||10||SCLK||Serial Clock||

=== JP9 ===

JP10 switches the master clock (MCLK) of the transceiver between two on-board oscillators
of 2.048 MHz and 1.544 MHz.  This is required for selecting between E1 or T1/J1 mode.

||1-2||2.048 MHz (E1) mode||
||2-3||1.544 MHz (T1/J1) mode||

=== JP10 ===

This jumper decides if the 2.048/1.544 MHz MCLK should also be used as TDM Transmit Clock.

||closed||use MCLK as TCLK source, TCLK pin on JP2 is output||
||open||external circuit provides TCLK on JP2||

=== JP3 + JP4 ===

JP3+JP4 can be used to select which of the pins on the RJ45 connector should be used:

They should either all be in setting 1-2, or all be in 2-3, but never mixed.

||1-2||Use pins 3+6 as one pair||
||2-3||Use pins 1+2 as one pair||

=== JP5, JP6, JP7, JP8 ==

Those select between TE mode and NT mode.

They should either all be in setting 1-2, or all be in 2-3, but never mixed.