Simulation of smart home automation system devices using contiki OS InstantContiki 2.7

The Home automation IoT network is created using Cooja, Contiki’s IoT simulator. It uses IoT protocols 6lowpan from communicating over ipv6 and CoAP application layer protocols using which sensors share value to a CoAP client. We have used Sky mote to create sensors. Tmote Sky is an ultra-low power wireless module for use in sensor networks, control applications and rapid prototyping applications. Sky motes are used to emulate Tmotes in Cooja. Home automation network is connected to the outside internet using Contiki’s RPL Border Router.

By default, border router hosts a simple web page, which displays IPv6 addresses of all the nodes connected to the router. To add a border router to the network:

1. Run cooja using Ant Run
2. Compile border-router.c from ipv6/rpl-border-router/border-router.c
3. Then click on create to add a border router to the network.

We need to build a connection between the Cooja simulated RPL network and the local computer. This can be achieved by right-clicking the mote that is programmed as a border router. Pick 'More tools for border router' and then choose 'Serial Socket (SERVER).' We will receive the following message when this phase is successfully completed.

To simulate connections of RPL border router to external network, we will use the Tunslip utility provided in Contiki. To run Tunslip:

cd contiki/examples/ipv6/rpl-border-router
make connect-router-cooja

The home automation network consists of 6 different sensors build based on Cooja’s COAP server example er-rest-exampler-server.c

The Erbium Server has light, led, switched, helloworld, and resource discovery resource has a resource handler function that is called when the client requests the resource and the resource handler function sends the response back to the client. We have added an additional handler, periodic to collect sensor data after short intervals. Such sensors are called observable in Contiki. The various sensors are:

1. Solar Sensor: Solar sensor is a type of light sensor which is extended from Cooja’s OOB light sensor functionality. This sensor is periodic sensor which sends data to CoAP client every 60*CLOCK_SEOCNDS of time. The sensors in built using OOB coap server .c file available called er-rest-example.c. To add light_solar.c sensor to home automation network, compile Sky mote , with light_solar.c (input file for this sensor) and then click add. The sensor will be assigned an IPv6 address when it connects to the border-router. Using this IP address, the sensor can be accessed on the CoAP client. In the client window, a user is able to see the values a sensor sends, periodically changing.
2. Temperature sensor : It is also periodical, based on the OOB shtt sensor of Cooja.
3. Fan sensor: This sensor is enabled with a button to provide turning on/off capabilities.It is also an observable sensor which observes the click of a button. Current state of this sensor is represented as (1), which means fan is on.
4. Door and garage door sensor have configuration as fan sensors. In these sensors, initially doors are at state (0) closed. On click of a button, the state changes to (1), implying the door was opened.
5. Camera sensor: This sensor is an observable resource, with a button. The camera is initially on state. Users can use the button to modify the state i.e turn it off. Aslo attacker can modify the values camera records by sending in malicious values using the post option in COAP client.