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What it is: Wikipedia Entry on Tail Calls

With tail call optimization you can replace looping with recursion.

Rules for today:

1. Functions can not have side effects
2. Functions should return only one value
3. No mutating state: use only basic data types and those provided in data_structures.rb
4. No looping allowed. Rely on recursion instead.

These excersizes:

• Make the test files pass.
• Run the test files that don't end in "tr" using normal ruby.
• Run the test files that do end in tr using the file run_with_tail_call_optimization.rb.

The best order to attempt these:

1. ruby test_fibonacci.rb
2. ruby run_with_tail_call_optimization.rb test_fibonacci_tr.rb
3. ruby test_todo.rb
4. ruby run_with_tail_call_optimization.rb test_todo_tr.rb