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backend-intro's Introduction

backend-intro

What is backend?

  • It's a "website"
  • It's what makes front-ends happen
  • It's code that produces HTML

Why is there backend?

  • You can't hand-code everything
    • Too much stuff
    • Data is stored in a database, updated very frequently
  • You want to automate the creation of HTML
  • You want to users to be able to log in and interact
  • Backends can provide data to mobile apps

What is a server?

  • It's a computer on the internet
  • It's a program on a computer on the internet
  • It's a program that is listening for connections from a client

What is a client?

  • It's program that provides a User Interface for interacting with data on a server

How do clients and servers "talk"?

  • They use a protocol
    • HTTP is the protocol of the web
    • A formal specification about what clients and servers can say to each other

What programming languages can you use for writing backends?

  • PHP: 90s-early 2000s
  • Ruby: mid 2000s-now
  • Python: mid 2000s-now
  • Java
  • C#
  • Any language that can manipulate strings and connect to a network
    • HTTP is a plain-text protocol

What are we building?

  • Command line programs
    • Third party modules
  • A tiny web server
  • Bigger web servers
    • Express.js
  • Database driven websites
    • User login
  • APIs

How do I start a node project?

npm init -y

What does that do?

  • It creates a package.json file

What is package.json

  • It's the project "manifest"
  • A list of everything that your project needs in order to run.

What's a module?

  • It's code someone else wrote
  • It's code you wrote and saved in another file

How do you use a module?

  • Call the require() function
  • Pass it the name of the module

What's a callback?

function handleClick(event) {
    console.log('they clicked!')
}
myButton.addEventListener('click', handleClick);

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