Explore a range of infectious disease models in a consistent framework.
The primary aim of idmodelr is to provide a library of infectious
disease models for researchers, students, and other interested
individuals. These models can be used to understand the underlying
dynamics and as a reference point when developing models for research.
idmodelr also provides a range of utilities. These include: plotting
functionality; a simulation wrapper; scenario analysis tooling; an
interactive dashboard; tools for handling mult-dimensional models; and
both model and parameter look up tables. Unlike other modelling packages
such as pomp,
libbi and EpiModel,
idmodelr serves primarily as an educational resource. It is most
comparable to
epirecipes but
provides a more consistent framework, an R based workflow, and
additional utility tooling. After users have explored model dynamics
with idmodelr they may then implement their model using one of these
packages in order to utilise the model fitting tools they provide. For
newer modellers, this package reduces the barrier to entry by containing
multiple infectious disease models, providing a consistent framework for
simulation and visualisation, and
signposting
towards other, more research, focussed resources.
Install the CRAN version:
install.packages("idmodelr")Alternatively install the development version from GitHub:
# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github("seabbs/idmodelr")
In this quick start guide we are going to be defining, simulating and
plotting a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered deterministic compartmental
model with simple population demographics (births = deaths). The first
step is to load the idmodelr package.
library(idmodelr)The next step is to find the model of interest amongst those implemented
in idmodelr. model_details lists all of the models implemented in
idmodelr and can be search using dplyr, base R, or other dataframe
tools.
library(dplyr)
#>
#> Attaching package: 'dplyr'
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
#>
#> filter, lag
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
#>
#> intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
model_details %>%
dplyr::filter(model_family %in% "SIR") %>%
knitr::kable()| model | model_family | time | type | recovered | exposed | treated | susceptible | risk_stratified | non_exponential | simple_demographics | vaccination | disease_example | language | parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIR_ode | SIR | continuous | deterministic | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | none | R | beta, tau |
| SIR_demographics_ode | SIR | continuous | deterministic | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | no | none | R | beta, tau , mu |
| SIR_vaccination_ode | SIR | continuous | deterministic | no | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | none | R | beta , tau , lambda |
| SIR_vaccination_demographics_ode | SIR | continuous | deterministic | no | no | no | no | no | no | yes | yes | none | R | beta , tau , lambda, alpha , mu |
Now look at the model and the model help file (?SIR_demographics_ode)
to get an understanding of how the model is constructed.
SIR_demographics_ode
#> function (t, x, params)
#> {
#> S <- x[1]
#> I <- x[2]
#> R <- x[3]
#> with(as.list(params), {
#> N = S + I + R
#> dS = -beta * S * I/N - mu * S + mu * N
#> dI = beta * S * I/N - tau * I - mu * I
#> dR = tau * I - mu * R
#> derivatives <- c(dS, dI, dR)
#> list(derivatives)
#> })
#> }
#> <bytecode: 0x7fb5c4a7da08>
#> <environment: namespace:idmodelr>Check the parameters required by the model using required_parameters.
This returns a table containing all the parameters that must be defined
in order to use the model as well as descriptive information for each
parameter.
parameters <- required_parameters("SIR_demographics_ode")
knitr::kable(parameters)| parameter | parameter_family | description | type | risk_stratified | non_exponential |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| beta | transmission | Transmission rate = the transmission probability per contact * the number of contacts each individual has. | rate | no | no |
| tau | recovery | Recovery rate. The reciprocal of the time infectious. | rate | no | no |
| mu | demographics | The natural mortality rate. The reciprocal of the average lifespan. (for simple demographics this is also the birth rate. | rate | no | no |
Parameterise the model.
parameters <- data.frame(
beta = 3, ##Transmission rate = contact rate * transmission probablity
tau = 0.5, ## Rate recovcery = 1 / duration of infection
mu = 1/81 ## Natural birth/death rate = 1 / average lifespan
)Check the initial conditions required by looking at the start of the model function. In most cases this should match up to the model name (i.e S, I and R for an SIR model) but risk stratification etc. will require additional compartments.
inits <- data.frame(
S = 999,
I = 1,
R = 0
)Specify the timespan over which to run the model.
times <- seq(0, 50, 0.1)Simulate the model.
traj <- simulate_model(model = SIR_demographics_ode,
sim_fn = solve_ode, ##as solving an ode
inits = inits,
params = parameters,
times = times)
traj
#> # A tibble: 501 × 4
#> time S I R
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 0 999 1 0
#> 2 0.1 999. 1.28 0.0567
#> 3 0.2 998. 1.64 0.129
#> 4 0.3 998. 2.11 0.222
#> 5 0.4 997. 2.70 0.342
#> 6 0.5 996. 3.46 0.494
#> 7 0.6 995. 4.43 0.690
#> 8 0.7 993. 5.67 0.940
#> 9 0.8 991. 7.25 1.26
#> 10 0.9 989. 9.28 1.67
#> # … with 491 more rows
#> # ℹ Use `print(n = ...)` to see more rowsSummarise the model.
summarise_model(traj) %>%
knitr::kable()| Final size: S | Final size: I | Final size: R | Epidemic peak time | Epidemic peak | Epidemic duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 136 | 31 | 833 | 3.5 | 533 | Inf |
Plot the model trajectory.
plot_model(traj, facet = FALSE)
#> Warning: `guides(<scale> = FALSE)` is deprecated. Please use `guides(<scale> =
#> "none")` instead.
Vary the model parameters, by increasing the mortality rate, and then simulate the updated model.
parameters_up <- parameters
parameters_up[["mu"]] <- 1 / 20
traj_up <- simulate_model(model = SIR_demographics_ode,
sim_fn = solve_ode,
inits,
parameters_up,
times)Plot the original trajectory and the updated trajectory. What has the impact of increasing mortality been?
plot_model(traj, traj_up, facet = TRUE)
#> Warning: `guides(<scale> = FALSE)` is deprecated. Please use `guides(<scale> =
#> "none")` instead.
See the package vignettes for more help getting started and some additional ideas for exploring infectious disease model dynamics.
A shiny application has been developed that showcases some of the
functionality of the idmodelr package. This application allows the
parameter spaces of a range of models built into idmodelr to be
explored in an interactive session. It is designed to be used as a
teaching aid when introducing people to the concepts behind infectious
disease models without requiring them to interact with the underlying
code. The code for the dashboard can be found
here. It can be run locally
using the following (Note: this will install required packages to your
system),
#install.packages("shiny")
shiny::runGitHub("exploreidmodels", "seabbs")
Additional models are extremely welcome!
To add models in the same family as those already implemented (i.e
SIR_ode)
please follow the implemented coding style closely (alternatively open
an issue explaining why
this style needs updating). Models should be named using their
compartments in capitals followed by lower case model details, and
finally the model type. An example of this is the SIR_demographics_ode
model. For highly complex models only the most major model details
should be listed (aim for less than 40 characters). An entry for
model_details is also required (see
model_details.R).
If new parameters have been used then a description must be added to
parameter_details (see
parameter_details.R).
Please consider also adding to the testing suite for your new model (or
flagging the lack of tests). Models can either be added via a pull
request or via an issue.
To add a new family of models (i.e stochastic models) please open an
issue outlining your
proposed approach. A new family of models is likely to require at least
its own solve_ (equivalent to
solve_ode)
function and may also require other package changes. Models implemented
in other languages (i.e C) are also very welcome.
File an issue here if there is any other feature, that you think is missing from the package, or better yet submit a pull request!
Please note that the idmodelr project is released with a Contributor
Code of
Conduct.
By contributing to this project, you agree to abide by its terms.
This packge was developed in a docker container based on the tidyverse docker image. To run the docker image run:
docker run -d -p 8787:8787 --name idmodelr -e USER=seabbs -e PASSWORD=seabbs seabbs/idmodelrThe rstudio client can be found on port :8787 at your local machines
ip. The default username:password is seabbs:seabbs, set the user with
-e USER=username, and the password with
- e PASSWORD=newpasswordhere. The default is to save the analysis
files into the user directory. Alternatively, access the development
environment via
binder.
React
Typescript
Django
Laravel
Facebook
Microsoft
Google
Alibaba
D3
Tencent