Example:

PDOException Object
(
    [message:protected] => SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 table playlists has 7 columns but 12 values were supplied
    [string:Exception:private] => 
    [code:protected] => HY000
    [file:protected] => /Users/iansoper/Dropbox/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.75C71877-5189-4CDF-98C2-6D2A9F1ED8A8/src/functions.php
    [line:protected] => 3561
    [trace:Exception:private] => Array
        (
            [0] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /Users/iansoper/Dropbox/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.75C71877-5189-4CDF-98C2-6D2A9F1ED8A8/src/functions.php
                    [line] => 3561
                    [function] => prepare
                    [class] => PDO
                    [type] => ->
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => insert into playlists values (:uri,:name,:nb_tracks,:owner,:username,:playlist_artwork_path,:ownedbyuser,:nb_playable_tracks,:duration_playlist,:nb_times_played,:collaborative,:public)
                        )

                )

            [1] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /Users/iansoper/Dropbox/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.75C71877-5189-4CDF-98C2-6D2A9F1ED8A8/src/action.php
                    [line] => 859
                    [function] => refreshLibrary
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => Workflows Object
                                (
                                    [cache:Workflows:private] => /Users/iansoper/Library/Caches/com.runningwithcrayons.Alfred-2/Workflow Data/com.vdesabou.spotify.mini.player
                                    [data:Workflows:private] => /Users/iansoper/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Workflow Data/com.vdesabou.spotify.mini.player
                                    [bundle:Workflows:private] => com.vdesabou.spotify.mini.player
                                    [path:Workflows:private] => 
                                    [home:Workflows:private] => /Users/iansoper
                                    [results:Workflows:private] => Array
                                        (
                                        )

                                )

                        )

                )

        )

    [previous:Exception:private] => 
    [errorInfo] => Array
        (
            [0] => HY000
            [1] => 1
            [2] => table playlists has 7 columns but 12 values were supplied
        )

)
2015-01-30 18:09:08|Error(refreshLibrary): (exception 1)

When updating my library it adds all the songs, albums and artists but the playlists that are not published won't get added. The playlist from users other than myself are.

I believe I had no problems till 5.0

A couple of things here:

• I'm trying to figure out why Spotify keeps opening at login
• As such, I'm looking to uninstall this workflow (unless this is just crazy talk)

Would this cause Spotify to login?

Thanks so much!

Jim

Hi,
I am not able to add the "Starred" playlist to Spotify Mini. The playlist just doesn't show up anywhere and it doesn't show up when I try to select a playlist to add to "Alfred Playlist". I'm not sure if this is an issue for everyone or just me. Thank you for this awesome add-on!

Suggestion 1:

In the mini player where you list the playlists that the currently playing track is part of, would it be possible to add an "show playlist in Spoitfy" option to jump you to the Spotify app with the selected playlist displayed?

Could also be added to the normal playlist list items?

Suggestion 2:

When selecting songs to play from playlists it just adds the selected song to the Play Queue and plays it, after the selected song the play queue continues with whatever you had in your play list previously. Would it be possible that when you select a song from a playlist the playlists becomes the now playing list and the selected song gets played. I imagine you would need to "launch the playlist" then set the now playing song?

Basically it's caught me out a few times when listening to Artist A, then wanting to switch to a specific song from my Artist B playlist, but after that song Artist A would come back on. I expected that when selecting a song from a playlist that playlist overwrites the play queue and the selected song plays, as that is what happens in the Spotify app.

Hi there.. I don't have a numeric Spotify ID. (Or at least can't find it.) Can you change the mini player to accommodate my username?

Latest version of the workflow (6.021) try to paste the client id, enter, shiftenter, right arrow.., nothing happens, no debug info .Yosemite 10.10.1 alfred 2.6 (374)

Per the discussion here: http://www.alfredforum.com/topic/1892-spotify-mini-player-version-411-major-update/page-14

Let me know what you need.

I need keyword to add a track to Alfred Playlist e.g.:

• keyword sp (Spotify Current Playing)
• It would show cover (instead of pause button) and the current playing song information you already show in the main keyword
• but the main action (return key) would be add to Alfred Playlist
• option actions with modifiers could be useful (lyrics and album/artist related actions you already have somehow)
• a second item to refresh the playlist would be very handy

Do you think you can make such keyword? I really like to be focused on current playing song so I can “bookmark” a track as fast as possible.

Thank you in advance!

Symlinking the custom Spotify app to the ~/Spotify directory should allow easier updates.

PHP has a standard filesystem library. I believe symlink() works.

A bunch of users who are not following setup guide http://alfred-spotify-mini-player.com/setup , when they try to execute other commands and get invalid_client.

After trying for a good hour to get this working, I looked in the debug logs in alfred preferences and can see that I'm getting this error:

[ERROR: alfred.workflow.input.scriptfilter] XML Parse Error 'The operation couldn’t be completed. (NSXMLParserErrorDomain error 4.)'. Row (null), Col (null): '(null)' in XML:
/bin/bash: php: command not found

Any help would be great

Hi,

I was wondering if you plan to integrate the ability to send commands to Spotify using a daemon instead of the Spotify.app? I attached two links to two Spotify Daemons I found on Github. However, using the daemon requires a premium account. Awesome extension!

Thanks
https://github.com/SimonPersson/spotifyd
https://github.com/Schnouki/spop

Library Update Seems Broken and says kill update...

I have API allowed on my dev account on spotify
i installed a brand new spotify app
and spotify:app:api-tutorial works fine

I have the latest workflow 3.7.2

Thanks in advanced

I followed all instructions (created an app, set Client_ID and Secret_ID, set the right redirect url) but at the last step, when i try to Authenticate it gave me this error: "Error[index.php]: cannot set PDO settings"

It's very possible this is a known issue or I'm doing something wrong on my end. When I updated the library it removed many of my playlists and I have not been able to restore them with subsequent upgrades. I'll probably need to reset the whole library.

I noticed on the 4.4.4 update when viewing artists a few do not have the options to query online, view the biography or see related artists. Please reference the screen shot below.

Other artists do work though see the other screen shot. (Oscar Isaac doesn't have a bio that's why it's not there)

I feel like it could be a library issue is there a simple way to reset the library and re-download my songs? Also let me know if there is anything else you need to help replicate this issue.

When installing, it won't get past the initialization phase. And when I type spot_mini_debug, nothing happens.

Hi, first of all, let me tell you how much I love your workflow and how many times I use this in a day. It makes my life easier and for me as a music junkie, this is really important.

I am getting the following screen after following exactly every single procedure you put on the wiki:

Pretty much showing that it cannot locate the .php file that you are trying to point it to. The problem is a pointing problem maybe but at the end I cannot authenticate with spotify because of that.

Here's my spotify dev application:

As you can see, the application is configured just as you said and I copy client ID and invoke and paste and then copy client pass invoke and paste.

I am also sending you my debug file so you can check it out.

Seen by different users:

PDOException Object
(
    [message:protected] => SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 no such table: artists
    [string:Exception:private] => 
    [code:protected] => HY000
    [file:protected] => /Users/allison/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.5A78BB97-C751-4AD0-87F2-5D0979938BED/src/functions.php
    [line:protected] => 3030
    [trace:Exception:private] => Array
        (
            [0] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /Users/allison/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.5A78BB97-C751-4AD0-87F2-5D0979938BED/src/functions.php
                    [line] => 3030
                    [function] => prepare
                    [class] => PDO
                    [type] => ->
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => insert or ignore into artists values (:artist_name,:already_fetched)
                        )

                )

            [1] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /Users/allison/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.5A78BB97-C751-4AD0-87F2-5D0979938BED/src/action.php
                    [line] => 849
                    [function] => updateLibrary
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => Workflows Object
                                (
                                    [cache:Workflows:private] => /Users/allison/Library/Caches/com.runningwithcrayons.Alfred-2/Workflow Data/com.vdesabou.spotify.mini.player
                                    [data:Workflows:private] => /Users/allison/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Workflow Data/com.vdesabou.spotify.mini.player
                                    [bundle:Workflows:private] => com.vdesabou.spotify.mini.player
                                    [path:Workflows:private] => 
                                    [home:Workflows:private] => /Users/allison
                                    [results:Workflows:private] => Array
                                        (
                                        )

                                )

                        )

                )

        )

    [previous:Exception:private] => 
    [errorInfo] => Array
        (
            [0] => HY000
            [1] => 1
            [2] => no such table: artists
        )

)
2015-01-29 13:52:35|Error(updateLibrary): (exception 1)
2015-01-29 13:52:35|DB Exception: HY000 1 no such table: artists

When launching the mini player there is no longer an entry showing the track which is currently playing

I just found out about the spotify mini-player and although I like the idea I have two problems, with it:

Speed

I feel like the player is very slow to start and to use, it really needs seconds for me to find anything with it. If this is expected behavior, I apologize, but it I would really like for it to work a lot faster. If it's something that is unexpected to hear, I would like to know what I could do to speed up the player, because I like it very much.

No standard items

I really would like to have some standard items displayed when I fire up the mini player. But there are none, at least for me. I would like to see at least the settings, without having to look for it via search (because its very slow for me)

All in all I like the mini player very much! Thanks for this workflow and the work you put into it.

I have quite a few and I'm sure there are already requests for some of these like supporting the new 'Your Music' section of Spotify. It seems like they want to do away with starring music, which is weird. But anyway if you could get to a few of these it would be greatly appreciated. I was going to try to complete some on my own, but I didn't want to hack this workflow too much. Keep up the great work its awesome.

Enhancements

• Setting to disable Get Lyrics
• Shortcut to start Playlist with shuffle on or command to toggle between shuffle and regular.
• Support the new 'Your Music' section of Spotify. Like I said above they replaced the star with a check mark and it seems like this is the path they want to go. I tend to use it more than starring.

Again thanks for the Amazing workflow.

I'm running Alfred v2.6(374) and have downloaded (from packal.org) and installed the latest mini player workflow. When I start typing, I do see the controls but hitting enter does not invoke anything. I enabled Alfred debugging for the workflow but it remains completely silent. Am I missing something? I wasn't even asked for Client ID and Secret on first startup.

Edit: Finally seeing something in the debug logs when invoking my assigned hotkey:

[ERROR: alfred.workflow.input.scriptfilter] Code 255: Parse error: parse error in /Users/steffi/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.5F010387-DB34-4E25-A09F-888EA9F63AA2/src/workflows.php on line 224
[ERROR: alfred.workflow.input.scriptfilter] XML Parse Error 'The operation couldn’t be completed. (NSXMLParserErrorDomain error 4.)'. Row (null), Col (null): '(null)' in XML:
Parse error: parse error in /Users/steffi/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.5F010387-DB34-4E25-A09F-888EA9F63AA2/src/workflows.php on line 224

Hello.

I have tried several times to update my library (8000 songs from 3000 artists in about 30 playlists) but it never ends. Sometimes it hangs retrieving songs, some retrieving playlists and some other retrieving the artists. But it has never been able to completely update the library.

Any tips?

Thanks in advance

Hi,
I received after try to autentificate Spot Mini this result: The requested resource / was not found on this server

When I select the "Authenticate to Spotify" after I launch Spotify Mini Player in Alfred my browser displays this message: INVALID_CLIENT: Invalid redirect URI

Please help me. Many thanks!

My initial library update never finished. None of the spot_mini_* commands work. I tried removing the workflow and re-adding it after restarting but just get the same Library update in progress at track 1300.

Hi!

I'm trying to create the library, but I'm getting this error: spot_mini_debug Web API Exception: No ’error’ provided in response body

Any ideas?

Tks!

The token is valid 1 hour. Currently before calling a WEB API method, we refresh it if validity time is less than 10 minutes. But it might not be enough, especially with version 5.2 where artworks are not fetched in background, in that case the very first update library can takes much more than 10 minutes or even 1 hour!

looks like an update to open.spotify.com broke the image download in getTrackArtworkURL()

Error:

https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/127623/Screenshots/spotmini.png

Log:

http://dl.getdropbox.com/u/127623/spot_mini_debug.tgz

By the way, I tried to restart Spotify and also delete and reinstall the workflow.

I've tried to set this workflow up on two different machines now, but with little luck. After entering the requested Client ID and Client Secret, I select authenticate, and my browser opens this URL:

https://accounts.spotify.com/en/login?continue=https:%2F%2Faccounts.spotify.com%2Fen%2Fauthorize%3Fclient_id%3Dlalalalalla%26redirect_uri%3Dhttp:%252F%252Flocalhost:15298%252Fcallback.php%26response_type%3Dcode%26scope%3Duser-library-read%2520user-read-email%2520user-read-private%2520user-library-modify%2520user-follow-modify%2520user-follow-read%2520playlist-read-private%2520playlist-modify-public%2520playlist-modify-private%26show_dialog%3Dtrue%26state%3D

This is a login form, but when I try to fill it out and submit, nothing seems to happen. If I look in the developer tools, there's a POST request to log in (that suceeds), and then a GET request to load JSON from this URL:

https://accounts.spotify.com/en/authorize?client_id=lalalalalla&redirect_uri=http:%2F%2Flocalhost:15298%2Fcallback.php&response_type=code&scope=user-library-read%20user-read-email%20user-read-private%20user-library-modify%20user-follow-modify%20user-follow-read%20playlist-read-private%20playlist-modify-public%20playlist-modify-private&show_dialog=true&state=

That, however, fails, and gets a “400 Bad Request” response, with the body “INVALID_CLIENT: Invalid redirect URI”. It seems Spotify does not like your attempt to redirect to localhost.

I've tried with multiple browsers, but the result seems to be the same, here's how it looks in Firefox:

This should not be the case for perf reasons

I get this error when it first starts generating the library it gets about 20 seconds in, ( fair sized library to create from Spotify, total about 10k tracks).

I've tried restarting Spotify, restarting Alfred, I've blown away the settings 5 times, I've even removed and readded the workflow a couple of times.

No changes.

I am a spotify premium user
Yosemite 10.10.1
Alfred 2.6 (374)
Spotify Mini Player version 6.0

A lot of users have error 502 when creating library:

SpotifyWebAPI\SpotifyWebAPIException Object
(
    [message:protected] => No 'error' provided in response body
    [string:Exception:private] => 
    [code:protected] => 502
    [file:protected] => /Users/isaac/Dropbox/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.6E8A6756-FFE0-4DA1-A70E-7721BD8C5887/vendor/jwilsson/spotify-web-api-php/src/Request.php
    [line:protected] => 155

See if something can be done to retry as opposed to stop the library creation...

A user had this exception, no retry was done:

SpotifyWebAPI\SpotifyWebAPIException Object
(
    [message:protected] => No 'error' provided in response body
    [string:Exception:private] => 
    [code:protected] => 0
    [file:protected] => /Users/chrisbloom7/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.7E7CC925-DA9E-44AA-B681-7806BF02A7B4/vendor/jwilsson/spotify-web-api-php/src/Request.php
    [line:protected] => 155
    [trace:Exception:private] => Array
        (
            [0] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /Users/chrisbloom7/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.7E7CC925-DA9E-44AA-B681-7806BF02A7B4/vendor/jwilsson/spotify-web-api-php/src/Request.php
                    [line] => 44
                    [function] => send
                    [class] => SpotifyWebAPI\Request
                    [type] => ->
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => GET
                            [1] => https://api.spotify.com/v1/users/adhdelicious/playlists/2TUyOYI2Nh4zI2IBngNOEj/tracks
                            [2] => Array
                                (
                                    [fields] => total,items(added_at),items.track(available_markets,duration_ms,uri,popularity,name),items.track.album(album_type,images,uri,name),items.track.artists(name,uri)
                                    [limit] => 100
                                )

                            [3] => Array
                                (
                                    [Authorization] => Bearer BQBnGm9pHqvL1PAda4wd4e4WD9WWkGhX2ltm0zPfXQygwUfjMMsHpBLM2bANxMyBOJ1Ob_sB1_uJ7KKtWs8gWrJdNhmlxb9TqTQMM6uvXrHzSEv2lg2V8wX8T5Kw1uxhgILqw6MNJFIhtbFrg1wZyZ0ugh2sa4_UoeyvZEn57KKMnls6b7foysPr-OhQbMiWiQa06Y59IIJ-wSsPJ9HVwjW8POTU_OC9vbaxXNw8RiQOwPjm0_uAtt3EYewwvpVQmRQqB9GizMwtWnKth_Hn70Hk
                                )

                        )

                )

            [1] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /Users/chrisbloom7/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.7E7CC925-DA9E-44AA-B681-7806BF02A7B4/vendor/jwilsson/spotify-web-api-php/src/SpotifyWebAPI.php
                    [line] => 612
                    [function] => api
                    [class] => SpotifyWebAPI\Request
                    [type] => ->
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => GET
                            [1] => /v1/users/adhdelicious/playlists/2TUyOYI2Nh4zI2IBngNOEj/tracks
                            [2] => Array
                                (
                                    [fields] => total,items(added_at),items.track(available_markets,duration_ms,uri,popularity,name),items.track.album(album_type,images,uri,name),items.track.artists(name,uri)
                                    [limit] => 100
                                )

                            [3] => Array
                                (
                                    [Authorization] => Bearer BQBnGm9pHqvL1PAda4wd4e4WDxxWkGhX2ltm0zPfXQygwUfjMMsHpBLM2bANxMyBOJ1Ob_sB1_uJ7KKtWs8gWrJdNtZYarMChh3Nhmlxb9TqTQMM6uvXrHzSEv2lg2V8wX8T5Kw1uxhgILqw6MNJFIhtbFrg1wZyZ0ugh2sa4_UoeyvZEn57KKMnls6b7foysPr-OhQbMiWiQa06Y59IIJ-wSsPJ9HVwjW8POTU_OC9vbxxxxx8RiQOwPjm0_uAtt3EYewwvpVQmRQqB9GizMwtWnKth_Hn70Hk
                                )

                        )

                )

            [2] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /Users/chrisbloom7/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.7E7CC925-DA9E-44AA-B681-7806BF02A7B4/src/functions.php
                    [line] => 3133
                    [function] => getUserPlaylistTracks
                    [class] => SpotifyWebAPI\SpotifyWebAPI
                    [type] => ->
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => adhdelicious
                            [1] => 2TUyOYI2Nh4zI2IBngNOEj
                            [2] => Array
                                (
                                    [fields] => Array
                                        (
                                            [0] => total
                                            [1] => items(added_at)
                                            [2] => items.track(available_markets,duration_ms,uri,popularity,name)
                                            [3] => items.track.album(album_type,images,uri,name)
                                            [4] => items.track.artists(name,uri)
                                        )

                                    [limit] => 100
                                    [offset] => 0
                                )

                        )

                )

            [3] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /Users/chrisbloom7/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.7E7CC925-DA9E-44AA-B681-7806BF02A7B4/src/action.php
                    [line] => 859
                    [function] => updateLibrary
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => Workflows Object
                                (
                                    [cache:Workflows:private] => /Users/chrisbloom7/Library/Caches/com.runningwithcrayons.Alfred-2/Workflow Data/com.vdesabou.spotify.mini.player
                                    [data:Workflows:private] => /Users/chrisbloom7/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Workflow Data/com.vdesabou.spotify.mini.player
                                    [bundle:Workflows:private] => com.vdesabou.spotify.mini.player
                                    [path:Workflows:private] => 
                                    [home:Workflows:private] => /Users/chrisbloom7
                                    [results:Workflows:private] => Array
                                        (
                                        )

                                )

                        )

                )

        )

    [previous:Exception:private] => 
)
2015-02-02 19:06:38|Error(getUserPlaylists): retry 0 (exception 1)

Running into same error on two different machines, after updating to 5.1.

There was an error during the authentication (exception exception 'SpotifyWebAPI\SpotifyWebAPIException' with message 'Invalid client' in /Users/kplummer/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.42603F07-9CED-4C3D-AEFD-ABD8FCB867E0/vendor/jwilsson/spotify-web-api-php/src/Request.php:120 Stack trace: #0 /Users/kplummer/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.42603F07-9CED-4C3D-AEFD-ABD8FCB867E0/vendor/jwilsson/spotify-web-api-php/src/Request.php(23): SpotifyWebAPI\Request->send('POST', 'https://account...', Array, Array) #1 /Users/kplummer/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.42603F07-9CED-4C3D-AEFD-ABD8FCB867E0/vendor/jwilsson/spotify-web-api-php/src/Session.php(211): SpotifyWebAPI\Request->account('POST', '/api/token', Array) #2 /Users/kplummer/Library/Application Support/Alfred 2/Alfred.alfredpreferences/workflows/user.workflow.42603F07-9CED-4C3D-AEFD-ABD8FCB867E0/callback.php(66): SpotifyWebAPI\Session->requestToken('AQDIgEL2tbLPQJ5...') #3 {main})

I tried the one listed in your wiki, but it's invalid. Any ideas?

• Create application on Spotify
• Added Redirect URI as http://localhost:15298/callback.php
• Invoked workflow and saved Client ID
• Invoked workflow and saved Client Secret
• Invoked workflow for authentication

However, I wasn't asked to login to Spotify and I get the following in my browser after the last step:
INVALID_CLIENT: Invalid redirect URI

Double-checked the Client ID and Secrets as well as the URI keyed into the application but all seems correct.

Using Alfred Remote, the Volume Up, Volume Down and Mute/Unmute triggers are not working at all for me. Everything else seems to be working fine.

Any clues?

Cheers,

Sander

For example this playlist:

http://open.spotify.com/user/napstersean/playlist/3vxotOnOGDlZXyzJPLFnm2

The uri is:

spotify:user:napstersean:playlist:3vxotOnOGDlZXyzJPLFnm2

But the spotify uri returned by API is

spotify:user:@af777be448f51062d0a6596273a62587:playlist:3vxotOnOGDlZXyzJPLFnm2

which is not recognized by Spotify...

Hi,

Still loving this workflow, however I've just noticed with the latest update that the current track info is now in a sub menu. I was wondering if the current track title and artist could be added to the main menu item again for "quick access" - I often pull up the workflow to quickly check the song title/artist.

In my head the menu item would change from:

"Current Track"
"Display Current Track Information and browse various options"

to

"{Song Title} . {Artist}"
"Display Current Track Information and browse various options"

In the new layout all that would be different is the song info would be displayed in the main menu and selecting the option would take you through to the current track info menu as it does now.

Hopefully this will be possible but even if not it's still a fantastic workflow. Keep up the good work

Using fn key to add a track to Alfred Playlist is only pausing Spotify.

My Alfred Playlist is set to Cool and and it lists the 3 tracks I got there but nothing is added from Alfred.

I’m only trying to add Spotify tracks (not local).

I have already restarted Alfred and Spotify (version 0.9.10.14.g578d350b). I have also tried to change Alfred Playlist.

I get:

Uncaught TypeError: Cannot call method 'indexOf' of undefined