Taxonomies that can be used in MISP (2.4) and other information sharing tool and expressed in Machine Tags (Triple Tags). A machine tag is composed of a namespace (MUST), a predicate (MUST) and an (OPTIONAL) value. Machine tags are often called triple tag due to their format.

The following taxonomies can be used in MISP (as local or distributed tags) or in other tools willing to share common taxonomies among security information sharing tools.

The following taxonomies are described:

• Admiralty Scale
• adversary - description of an adversary infrastructure
• CIRCL Taxonomy - Schemes of Classification in Incident Response and Detection
• Cyber Kill Chain from Lockheed Martin
• DE German (DE) Government classification markings (VS)
• DHS CIIP Sectors
• Domain Name Abuse
• eCSIRT and IntelMQ incident classification
• ENISA ENISA Threat Taxonomy
• Estimative Language Estimative Language (ICD 203)
• EU critical sectors - EU critical sectors
• EUCI - EU classified information marking
• Europol Incident - Europol class of incident taxonomy
• Europol Events - Europol type of events taxonomy
• FIRST CSIRT Case classification
• FIRST Information Exchange Policy (IEP) framework
• Information Security Indicators - ETSI GS ISI 001-1 (V1.1.2): ISI Indicators
• Information Security Marking Metadata from DNI (Director of National Intelligence - US)
• Malware classification based on a SANS document
• ms-caro-malware Malware Type and Platform classification based on Microsoft's implementation of the Computer Antivirus Research Organization (CARO) Naming Scheme and Malware Terminology.
• NATO Classification Marking
• Open Threat Taxonomy v1.1 (SANS)
• OSINT Open Source Intelligence - Classification
• Stealth Malware Taxonomy as defined by Joanna Rutkowska
• The Permissible Actions Protocol - or short: PAP - was designed to indicate how the received information can be used.
• TLP - Traffic Light Protocol
• Vocabulary for Event Recording and Incident Sharing VERIS

The Admiralty Scale (also called the NATO System) is used to rank the reliability of a source and the credibility of an information.

An overview and description of the adversary infrastructure.

CIRCL Taxonomy is a simple scheme for incident classification and area topic where the incident took place.

Cyber Kill Chain from Lockheed Martin as described in Intelligence-Driven Computer Network Defense Informed by Analysis of Adversary Campaigns and Intrusion Kill Chains.

Taxonomy for the handling of protectively marked information in MISP with German (DE) Government classification markings (VS).

DHS critical sectors as described in https://www.dhs.gov/critical-infrastructure-sectors.

Taxonomy to tag domain names used for cybercrime. We suggest to use europol-incident(./europol-incident) to tag abuse-activity.

eCSIRT incident classification Appendix C of the eCSIRT EU project including IntelMQ updates.

ENISA Threat Taxonomy - A tool for structuring threat information as published

Estimative language - including likelihood or probability of event based on the Intelligence Community Directive 203 (ICD 203) (6.2.(a)).

Market operators and public administrations that must comply to some notifications requirements under EU NIS directive.

EU classified information (EUCI) means any information or material designated by a EU security classification, the unauthorised disclosure of which could cause varying degrees of prejudice to the interests of the European Union or of one or more of the Member States as described.

EUROPOL class of incident taxonomy

EUROPOL type of events taxonomy

FIRST CSIRT Case Classification.

Information security indicators have been standardized by the ETSI Industrial Specification Group (ISG) ISI. These indicators provide the basis to switch from a qualitative to a quantitative culture in IT Security Scope of measurements: External and internal threats (attempt and success), user's deviant behaviours, nonconformities and/or vulnerabilities (software, configuration, behavioural, general security framework).

ISM (Information Security Marking Metadata) V13 as described by DNI.gov.

Malware classification based on a SANS whitepaper about malware.

Marking of Classified and Unclassified materials as described by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO.

Open Threat Taxonomy v1.1 base on James Tarala of SANS ref.

The Permissible Actions Protocol - or short: PAP - was designed to indicate how the received information can be used. It's a protocol/taxonomy similar to TLP informing the recipients of information what they can do with the received information.

The Traffic Light Protocol - or short: TLP - was designed with the objective to create a favorable classification scheme for sharing sensitive information while keeping the control over its distribution at the same time.

Vocabulary for Event Recording and Incident Sharing is a format created by the VERIS community.

The following taxonomy namespaces are reserved and used internally to MISP.

• galaxy mapping taxonomy with cluster:element:"value".

It is quite easy. Create a JSON file describing your taxonomy as triple tags (e.g. check an existing one like Admiralty Scale), create a directory matching your name space, put your machinetag file in the directory and pull your request. That's it. Everyone can benefit from your taxonomy and can be automatically enabled in information sharing tools like MISP.

For more information, "Information Sharing and Taxonomies Practical Classification of Threat Indicators using MISP" presentation given to the last MISP training in Luxembourg.

$ cd /var/www/MISP/app/files/taxonomies/
$ mkdir privatetaxonomy
$ cd privatetaxonomy
$ vi machinetag.json

Create a JSON file Create a JSON file describing your taxonomy as triple tags.

Once you are happy with your file go to MISP Web GUI taxonomies/index and update the taxonomies, the newly created taxonomy should be visible, now you need to activate the tags within your taxonomy.

machinetag.py is a parsing tool to dump taxonomies expressed in Machine Tags (Triple Tags) and list all valid tags from a specific taxonomy.

% cd tools
% python machinetag.py
        admiralty-scale:source-reliability="a"
        admiralty-scale:source-reliability="b"
        admiralty-scale:source-reliability="c"
        admiralty-scale:source-reliability="d"
        admiralty-scale:source-reliability="e"
        admiralty-scale:source-reliability="f"
        admiralty-scale:information-credibility="1"
        admiralty-scale:information-credibility="2"
        admiralty-scale:information-credibility="3"
        admiralty-scale:information-credibility="4"
        admiralty-scale:information-credibility="5"
        admiralty-scale:information-credibility="6"
        ...

The MISP taxonomies are licensed under CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) - Public Domain Dedication. If a specific author of a taxonomy wants to license it under a different license, a pull request can be requested.