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designpatterns's Introduction

设计模式

单例模式

单例模式的三个要素

  • 单例类构造函数的可见性为private
  • 提供一个类型为自身的静态私有成员变量
  • 提供一个共有的静态工厂方法

饿汉式单例类与懒汉式单例类的比较

  • 饿汉式单例类在类加载时就将自己实例化，它的优点在于无需考虑多个线程同时访问的问题，可以确保实例的唯一性；
  • 从调用速度和反应时间角度来讲，由于单例对象一开始就得以创建，因此要优于懒汉式单例；
  • 从资源利用率角度来讲饿汉式单例不及懒汉式单例；
  • 在系统加载时由于需要创建饿汉式单例对象，加载时间可能会比较长。

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