stris a fixed-length string store somewhere in the memory.Stringon the other hand is a growable, heap-allocated string.
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Are actually defined by ECMA (?) and represent a unified way of creating metadata. (Reference)[https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/attributes.html].
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Useful when writing structs and enums, since you can automatically derive functions instead of writing them yourself.
#[derive(PartialEq)]
struct Point { x: i32, y: i32 }
let p1 = Point { x: 1, y: 2 }
let p2 = Point { x: 1, y: 2 }
p1 == p2 // true, without writing code for equality
struct Circle { c: Point, r: i32 }
let c1 = Circle { c: p1, r: 1 }
let c2 = Circle { c: p1, r: 1 }
c1 == c2 // invalid! don't know how to compare them- Even though every variable is immutable by default, you can redeclare the same binding. This implies shadowing the previous declarations.
let mut a = 1;
a = 2; // valid, a is mutable
let b = 1;
b = 2; // invalid!
let c = "hello";
let c = 3; // valid, but value prev. referenced by c is lost
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