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linux elf injector for x86 x86_64 arm arm64
I want to know the purpose of this environment variable.
FSTACK_PUSH_STR(sp, "MANMAP=1");
For my last issue: #2
I commit the patch: Hackerl@92de629
unsigned long mandibule_beg(int aligned)
{
if(!aligned)
return (unsigned long)mandibule_beg;
unsigned long align_size = (unsigned long)mandibule_beg % 0x1000;
return (unsigned long)mandibule_beg - (align_size == 0 ? 0x1000 : align_size);
}
After successful compilation, it can run successfully, but the process is stuck.
I modified the source code to output detailed logs, and found that the program was stuck in a system call.
stuck log:
./mandibule $(pwd)/toinject $(pidof target)
> syscall: 10
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 3
> syscall: 3
> syscall: 158
> syscall: 158
> syscall: 18446744073709551615
> syscall: 18446744073709551615
> syscall: 18446744073709551615
> syscall: 18446744073709551615
> syscall: 18446744073709551615
> syscall: 18446744073709551615
> syscall: 18446744073709551615
> syscall: 18446744073709551615
after syscall 158, the output of syscall will be messy, so I guess there is a problem with the system call 158.
What's interesting is that I shortened the name of the injected program "toinject" a bit, and renamed it to "toinj" and it could run successfully.
success log:
./mandibule $(pwd)/toinj $(pidof target)
> syscall: 10
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 9
> syscall: 3
> syscall: 3
> syscall: 158
> syscall: 158
> syscall: 10
> syscall: 10
> syscall: 10
> syscall: 10
> syscall: 10
> syscall: 10
> syscall: 11
> syscall: 11
> syscall: 39
> syscall: 39
> syscall: 5
> syscall: 5
> syscall: 12
> syscall: 12
> syscall: 12
> syscall: 12
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 35
> syscall: 35
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 35
> syscall: 35
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 35
> syscall: 35
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 1
> syscall: 231
> shellcode executed!
> restored memory & registers
> successfully injected shellcode into pid 15313
Can continue to run after the system call 158, I am going to debug further, I will add information here later.
FSTACK_PUSH_LONG(sp, 0);
for(int i=0; i<ac; i++)
FSTACK_PUSH_LONG(sp, (unsigned long)av_0 + (ac - i - 1) * sizeof(unsigned long));
// argc
FSTACK_PUSH_LONG(sp, ac);
"(unsigned long)av_0 + (ac - i - 1) * sizeof(unsigned long)" not the correct string pointer, each parameter has a different length.
The correct pointer should be temporarily saved after the parameter is pushed onto the stack.
commit: Hackerl@0ba0a46
for(int i=0; i<ehdr->e_phnum; i++)
{
phdr = (elf_phdr *)(elf_buf + ehdr->e_phoff + i * ehdr->e_phentsize);
// printf("> seg[%d] load: %d addr 0x%llx size 0x%llx\n", i, phdr->p_type == PT_LOAD, phdr->p_vaddr, phdr->p_memsz);
if(phdr->p_type == PT_LOAD && load_segment(elf_buf, ehdr, phdr, base_off))
return -1;
if(!base_seg)
base_seg = phdr->p_vaddr;
base_next = phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz > base_next ? phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz : base_next;
}
ALIGN_PAGE_DOWN(base_seg);
if(ehdr->e_type == ET_DYN)
base_seg += base_off;
// printf("> program base: 0x%llx\n", base_seg);
Now the code to get the base address is written like this, get the non-zero offset of any segment (phdr->p_vaddr). But when I compile the program with the "-static-pie" option, the section information is as follows.
Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr
FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align
LOAD 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x00000000000e6965 0x00000000000e6965 R E 0x200000
LOAD 0x00000000000e7188 0x00000000002e7188 0x00000000002e7188
0x0000000000007360 0x000000000000b550 RW 0x200000
DYNAMIC 0x00000000000ed8e8 0x00000000002ed8e8 0x00000000002ed8e8
0x0000000000000170 0x0000000000000170 RW 0x8
TLS 0x00000000000e7188 0x00000000002e7188 0x00000000002e7188
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000010 R 0x8
GNU_EH_FRAME 0x00000000000bb650 0x00000000000bb650 0x00000000000bb650
0x000000000000697c 0x000000000000697c R 0x4
GNU_STACK 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000
0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 RW 0x10
GNU_RELRO 0x00000000000e7188 0x00000000002e7188 0x00000000002e7188
0x0000000000006e78 0x0000000000006e78 R 0x1
You can see that the first segment is LOAD, but its virtual address is 0, then the program is judging that "if (!base_seg)" will enter the branch, so the final value of "base_seg" is "2e7188", the second Load segment Virtual address.
"base_seg" should take the virtual address of the first LOAD segment, whether it is zero or not.
int base_set = 0;
for(int i=0; i<ehdr->e_phnum; i++)
{
phdr = (elf_phdr *)(elf_buf + ehdr->e_phoff + i * ehdr->e_phentsize);
// printf("> seg[%d] load: %d addr 0x%llx size 0x%llx\n", i, phdr->p_type == PT_LOAD, phdr->p_vaddr, phdr->p_memsz);
if(phdr->p_type == PT_LOAD)
{
if(!base_set)
{
base_set = 1;
base_seg = phdr->p_vaddr;
}
if (load_segment(elf_buf, ehdr, phdr, base_off))
return -1;
}
base_next = phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz > base_next ? phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz : base_next;
}
Good work on the method for injection with fPIE
compilation ELF!
I am not so sure why I have problem with the build, as per seen in the the title or in the error snip below.
It seems that the macro
(for arch recognition) is having a problem or icrt_syscall.h
has been conflicted with /usr/include/unistd.h
?
If you would be kind to upload the mandiblue you compiled for the both architecture in the repo or onto virus total etc, it would be very helpful. I am onto reproduction the method your described.
I use Debian for the purpose, and doing plenty of build on the other apps without problem.. Thank you.
On x32:
$ make x86
rm -rf mandibule target toinject
cc -D_GNU_SOURCE -std=gnu99 -static-libgcc -lgcc -I icrt/ -I code/ -fno-common -fno-stack-protector -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-exceptions -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -fno-unwind-tables -pie -fPIE -fno-builtin -nostdlib -m32 -o mandibule mandibule.c
In file included from /usr/include/i386-linux-gnu/sys/user.h:25:0,
from code/ptinject.h:15,
from mandibule.c:28:
/usr/include/unistd.h:603:13: error: conflicting types for '_exit'
extern void _exit (int __status) __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
^
In file included from icrt/icrt.h:15:0,
from mandibule.c:25:
icrt/icrt_syscall.h:169:25: note: previous definition of '_exit' was here
_syscall1(SYS_exit, _exit, int, int);
^
icrt/icrt_syscall.h:149:23: note: in definition of macro '_syscall1'
static inline rettype sys_name(t1 a1) \
^
Makefile:25: recipe for target 'x86' failed
make: *** [x86] Error 1
On x64:
$ make x86_64
rm -rf mandibule target toinject
cc -D_GNU_SOURCE -std=gnu99 -static-libgcc -lgcc -I icrt/ -I code/ -fno-common -fno-stack-protector -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-exceptions -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -fno-unwind-tables -pie -fPIE -fno-builtin -nostdlib -o mandibule mandibule.c
In file included from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/sys/user.h:25:0,
from code/ptinject.h:15,
from mandibule.c:28:
/usr/include/unistd.h:603:13: error: conflicting types for '_exit'
extern void _exit (int __status) __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
^
In file included from icrt/icrt.h:15:0,
from mandibule.c:25:
icrt/icrt_syscall.h:169:25: note: previous definition of '_exit' was here
_syscall1(SYS_exit, _exit, int, int);
^
icrt/icrt_syscall.h:149:23: note: in definition of macro '_syscall1'
static inline rettype sys_name(t1 a1) \
^
Makefile:32: recipe for target 'x86_64' failed
make: *** [x86_64] Error 1
end of issue
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