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pilot's Introduction

进入编程世界的第一课

更新

第二阶段课程(S2)已发布, 请阅读 对 S2 课程的说明

前言

这个仓库(repo)里保存的是教材,也就是需要你阅读和学习的内容。我们另外还有个 repo 是你的学习用书,我们会在下面告诉你如何使用这两个仓库。

编程(programming)并不算是一门科学,更像是一种手艺,里面有科学,有理论有**,也有经验和体会。学习编程最有效的方法是——赶紧动手开始写程序,如果不自己动手,听再多、再牛的课程讲解也没用。

在动手写程序的前提下,优秀的课程才能发挥作用——那就是缩短你走弯路的时间,就好像学踢足球或者打高尔夫球,一开始就掌握正确的姿势很重要,之后就能够事半功倍

这门课程就能够发挥这样的作用——但必须你亲手开始编程。

为了帮助你做到这一点,我们设计了一个学习方案,你的每个学习单元都由 听课自学提问 三个环节组成。

听课

这部分以讲解原理和思维方法为主,重点在“学会学习的方法(learning to learn)”和“问题解决的方法(problem solving)”。

课程的讲解大致上每周一次,在课程讲解的最后会给大家布置自学任务,就是下面这个环节。

自学

你要通过我们提供的教材和学习用书完成 自学任务。方法很简单:

  • 使用下面的课程大纲打开指定章节进行阅读;
  • 一边读一边在 学习用书 中完成代码的编写和运行。

我们的教材和学习用书都是用一种叫做 Jupyter Notebook 的格式编写的,这种格式编写的 notebook 中除了文字,还有可运行的程序代码(!)。

学习用书和教材的区别只有一个:在学习用书中,所有写着程序代码的格子(cell)都被清空了,等着你自己动手填进去。

所以学习用书就好像我们小时候学写字时用的“描红本”,你可以对着教材“描”和“抄”。不要小看了这个“描”和“抄”的过程,无数实践证明,自己输入一遍和光看就是不一样;而且,程序和描字不同,很多时候你可以自己修改一些地方,改的越多你就掌握的越多。

为了使用 学习用书,你首先需要配置好一个(你可以用一辈子的)编程环境,然后从我们的共享代码仓库获取学习用书并运行,具体来说按照下面的两个指引操作即可:

  1. 编程环境配置指南
  2. 如何使用配套学习用书

自学过程中遇到问题是正常的,所以下面这个环节很重要。

提问

我们鼓励大家提问,在学习过程中遇到问题就及时提出来,及时解决。

万事开头难,一开始快速清障前进,后面就会越来越顺。

可以使用 GitHub 提供的 Issues 功能来提问,只要访问 这个页面,点击右上的 New issue 绿色按钮即可提出问题。

提问是有一些技巧的,经过思考的问题更容易得到靠谱答案。

关于这个问题,有个近乎标准的答案在网上已经存在很久了,那就是大牛 Eric S. Raymond 2001 年发表在 BBS 上的 How To Ask Questions The Smart Way,这篇文章从发表之后一直在不断更新修订,内容清晰详实,附有丰富的“好问题”和“蠢问题”样例,一看就明白;另有质量很不错的 中文译文(也是开源的)。请务必仔细阅读,尽量按照里面的建议来思考和组织你的问题。

课程大纲

第一部分 基础篇

第二部分 进阶篇

附录

  1. 编程环境配置指南
  2. 如何使用配套学习用书
  3. Git 与 GitHub 入门
  4. 正则表达式入门
  5. MySQL 配置指南
  6. Redis 配置指南

重要的附注

由于 GitHub 的某些 bug,点击上面的这些链接打开 notebook 时可能会出现 Sorry, something went wrong. Reload? 的错误,这时可打开下面的链接,改用 Jupyter Notebook 官方提供的阅读器:

https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/neolee/pilot/tree/master/

ipynb 后缀的文件就是 notebook 文件,文件名最开始的数字对应第几章(a 对应第十章,b 对应最终章,x 开头的则是附录)。

比较推荐的学习方式是,用一个浏览器窗口打开上面列出的课程内容,同时在你自己机器的学生用书目录下运行 jupyter lab,并在学生用书的对应 notebook 下自己输入代码尝试。

具体可参考这个 视频指引

问题与反馈

如果在学习过程中遇到问题或者发现教材中的错误,可以通过 GitHub 的 Issues 系统提出,这个系统基本上就像一个问答论坛,但它集成了一些功能,让它目的性更强、更容易跟踪问题解决的进度状态。

访问我们课程教材的 Issues 页面:

https://github.com/neolee/pilot/issues

点击右上的 New issue 绿色按钮来提出问题或者反馈。

遇到问题的时候其实也可以到这个 Issues 页面去搜索一下,看看是不是有人提过,得到了怎样的答案;如果没人提过,那就正好可以由你来提出,所有人都会从中获益。

有些常见或者特别有价值的问题我们会整理出来放到课程项目的 Wiki 中,方便大家查阅。

pilot's People

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pilot's Issues

安装 WMF 5.x 后 PowerShell 报错 `Windows PowerShell 被终止...`

系统为:Windows7 32位系统
下载并安装 Windows Management Framework 5.x 重启电脑后,在命令行界面输入 powershell ↩︎,注意到命令行界面的行首提示信息出现了 PS 字样;
在命令行界面输入 $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major ↩︎。
提示:
Windows PowerShell 被终止,返回以下错误:
Method not found: 'System.Threading.Tasks.Task System.Threading.Tasks.Task.Run(
System.Action)'.
请问:这是什么原因啊?应该如何解决呢?

在 Visual Studio Code 中新建 hello.py 后安装 Python 插件出错 `error: invalid command 'bdist_wheel'`

PS C:\Users\刘浩宇\Documents\code\Test> & C:/Users/刘浩宇/scoop/apps/python/current/python.exe -m pip install -U pylint --user
Collecting pylint
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ea/f1/758de486e46ea2b8717992704b0fdd968b7cbc2bc790b976fae4a35a212c/pylint-2.4.3-py3-none-any.whl
Collecting mccabe<0.7,>=0.6 (from pylint)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/87/89/479dc97e18549e21354893e4ee4ef36db1d237534982482c3681ee6e7b57/mccabe-0.6.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting colorama; sys_platform == "win32" (from pylint)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4f/a6/728666f39bfff1719fc94c481890b2106837da9318031f71a8424b662e12/colorama-0.4.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting astroid<2.4,>=2.3.0 (from pylint)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/64/d3/4ba68bd56297556c9c2e5072d71d1664feaa86d9726c237a9fe496d440f4/astroid-2.3.2-py3-none-any.whl
Collecting isort<5,>=4.2.5 (from pylint)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e5/b0/c121fd1fa3419ea9bfd55c7f9c4fedfec5143208d8c7ad3ce3db6c623c21/isort-4.3.21-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting lazy-object-proxy==1.4.* (from astroid<2.4,>=2.3.0->pylint)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/36/39/d9b7d05775c3d12fe49c1119f53e20adf81757bfd3840f30961a0d57e6d1/lazy-object-proxy-1.4.2.tar.gz
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Preparing wheel metadata ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: 'C:\Users\刘浩宇\scoop\apps\python\current\python.exe' 'C:\Users\刘浩宇\scoop\apps\python\current\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\pep517_in_process.py' prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel 'C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpbbu2mgus'
cwd: C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-r3cdy6rf\lazy-object-proxy
Complete output (12 lines):
running dist_info
creating C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-r3cdy6rf\lazy-object-proxy\pip-wheel-metadata\lazy_object_proxy.egg-info
writing C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-r3cdy6rf\lazy-object-proxy\pip-wheel-metadata\lazy_object_proxy.egg-info\PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-r3cdy6rf\lazy-object-proxy\pip-wheel-metadata\lazy_object_proxy.egg-info\dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-r3cdy6rf\lazy-object-proxy\pip-wheel-metadata\lazy_object_proxy.egg-info\top_level.txt
writing manifest file 'C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-r3cdy6rf\lazy-object-proxy\pip-wheel-metadata\lazy_object_proxy.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest file 'C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-r3cdy6rf\lazy-object-proxy\pip-wheel-metadata\lazy_object_proxy.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
writing manifest file 'C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-r3cdy6rf\lazy-object-proxy\pip-wheel-metadata\lazy_object_proxy.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
creating 'C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-r3cdy6rf\lazy-object-proxy\pip-wheel-metadata\lazy_object_proxy.dist-info'
Error in sitecustomize; set PYTHONVERBOSE for traceback:
SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xc1 in position 0: invalid start byte (sitecustomize.py, line 7)
error: invalid command 'bdist_wheel'
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Users\刘浩宇\scoop\apps\python\current\python.exe' 'C:\Users\刘浩宇
\scoop\apps\python\current\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\pep517_in_process.py' prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel 'C:\Users\刘浩宇\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpbbu2mgus' Check the logs for full command output.
WARNING: You are using pip version 19.2.3, however version 19.3.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

确认 PowerShell 版本时报错 `'powershell' 不是内部或外部命令...`

电脑版本Windows7, 64位操作系统
确认 PowerShell 版本
PowerShell 是 Windows 下的增强命令行环境,也是我们以后要用的主要命令行界面。以下操作继续在上面打开的命令行界面进行:

在命令行界面输入 powershell ↩︎,注意到命令行界面的行首提示信息出现了 PS 字样;
在命令行界面输入 $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major ↩︎。

在执行以上操作时报错:
C:\Users\Administrator>powershell
'powershell' 不是内部或外部命令,也不是可运行的程序
或批处理文件。
C:\Users\Administrator>$PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major
'$PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major' 不是内部或外部命令,也不是可运行的程序
或批处理文件。
请问:这是什么原因啊?应该如何解决呢?

Windows 环境下运行 pip 命令出现 `Program 'pip.exe' failed to run: 指定的可执行文件不是此操作系统平台的有效应用程序`

系统为:Windows7 64位系统
安装 Jupyter Lab 环境时,在命令行界面运行 pip install -U pip,会出现 Program 'pip.exe' failed to run:指定的可执行文件不是此操作系统平台的有效应用程序 的报警。
尝试过的解决方法:
重新安装pip
在命令行界面运行了如下指令:
python -m ensurepip
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
仍然出现该问题。
将此问题记录在这。

关于 Scoop 安装的疑难杂症

老师好。
scoop之前已经成功安装,并安装好了3个软件,但是进入到第二课,准备复制自己页面的链接,运行git clone 链接 时显示出错。
截图如下:

1
image
感谢!

3-structure-2 中一处笔误

逻辑运算操作符,前面一行
类似的还有 -= *= /= %= **= //
少了一个 =号,建议修改如下:
类似的还有 -= *= /= %= **= //=

scoop list 显示 git *failed*

7zip 19.00
busybox 3244-g48128b9aa
git failed
python37 3.7.5 [versions]

git 是我单独安装的,scoop git 安装不成功。

在 Jupyter Lab 写入代码练习时代码不执行

老师您好,我按照教程里在jupyter写入代码

例如

tpye (42)

然后按使用“crtl + enter "执行代码,代码没有反应。

而在mac里的terminal里打开Python执行是正常的。会显示

type(42)
<class 'int'>

Windows 7 下 scoop install git 失败 `无法连接到远程服务器`

PS C:\Users\Administrator.PC-20120727WEXY> scoop install git
Scoop uses Git to update itself. Run 'scoop install git' and try again.
Installing 'git' (2.23.0.windows.1) [64bit]
无法连接到远程服务器
URL https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/releases/download/v2.23.0.windows.1/PortableGit-2.23.0-64-bit.7z.exe#/dl.7z is not valid
PS C:\Users\Administrator.PC-20120727WEXY> scoop uninstall git
Uninstalling 'git' ().
'git' was uninstalled.
PS C:\Users\Administrator.PC-20120727WEXY> scoop install git
Scoop uses Git to update itself. Run 'scoop install git' and try again.
Installing 'git' (2.23.0.windows.1) [64bit]
操作超时
URL https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/releases/download/v2.23.0.windows.1/PortableGit-2.23.0-64-bit.7z.exe#/dl.7z is not valid``

安装 Scoop 和 git 出现 `fatal: open /dev/null or dup failed`

PS C:\Users\Administrator> Get-ExecutionPolicy
RemoteSigned
PS C:\Users\Administrator> Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -scope CurrentUser
PS C:\Users\Administrator> iwr -useb get.scoop.sh | iex
Initializing...
Scoop is already installed. Run 'scoop update' to get the latest version.
PS C:\Users\Administrator> scoop update
scoop : 无法将“scoop”项识别为 cmdlet、函数、脚本文件或可运行程序的名称。请检查名称的拼写,如果包括路径
,请确保路径正确,然后再试一次。
所在位置 行:1 字符: 1

  • scoop update
  •   + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (scoop:String) [], ParentContainsErrorRecordException
      + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException
    
    

PS C:\Users\Administrator>

建议说明文档里要有一个安装成功后的载图

很感谢老师提供这样的一个学习平台。
但有一个建议,在学习的文档里如果可以加上安装成功后的一个载图,
那新人就知道在自己当前的环境下到底是安装成功了还是不成功,有一些问题在终端下面显示出来的英文和代码真心不知道是什么!希望可以改进,定会帮到不少新手。

使用 git commit 时要求设置用户信息

*** Please tell me who you are.

Run

git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
git config --global user.name "Your Name"

to set your account's default identity.
Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.

fatal: unable to auto-detect email address (got 'Administrator@WIN7-20190908PC.(none)')

如何设置 git,

更新 pip 时出错找不到 python.exe

老师,您好。
在运行 python -m pip install --upgrade pip 出现如下错误,因为之前安装过AMESinm15这个软件,后面删除了,但是这里显示路径还在,这个怎么解决呢?
image

macOS Catalina 安装 jupyterlab 出现 DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life...

以下是terminal显示
192:~ sunny$ pip install jupyterlab
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7. More details about Python 2 support in pip, can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support
Collecting jupyterlab
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1b/1b/ce43d66010878f86e574ae94d4aa6f78028ba5dba7287e11ebbaea2b3c17/jupyterlab-0.33.12-py2.py3-none-any.whl (14.3MB)
|▎ | 112kB 7.3kB/s eta 0:32:39ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 153, in _main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 382, in run
resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/legacy_resolve.py", line 201, in resolve
self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/legacy_resolve.py", line 365, in _resolve_one
abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/legacy_resolve.py", line 313, in _get_abstract_dist_for
req, self.session, self.finder, self.require_hashes
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 194, in prepare_linked_requirement
progress_bar=self.progress_bar
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 465, in unpack_url
progress_bar=progress_bar
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 316, in unpack_http_url
progress_bar)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 551, in _download_http_url
_download_url(resp, link, content_file, hashes, progress_bar)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 253, in _download_url
hashes.check_against_chunks(downloaded_chunks)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/utils/hashes.py", line 80, in check_against_chunks
for chunk in chunks:
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 223, in written_chunks
for chunk in chunks:
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/utils/ui.py", line 160, in iter
for x in it:
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/download.py", line 212, in resp_read
decode_content=False):
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 564, in stream
data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 529, in read
raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/contextlib.py", line 35, in exit
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-19.3.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 430, in _error_catcher
raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
192:~ sunny$

执行 scoop update 的 `error: RPC failed` 错误

安装好scoop后,运行scoop update指令,系统给出如下提示:

PS C:\Users\29164> scoop update
scoop : 无法将“scoop”项识别为 cmdlet、函数、脚本文件或可运行程序的名称。请检
查名称的拼写,如果包括路径,请确保路径正确,然后再试一次。
所在位置 行:1 字符: 1

  • scoop update
  •   + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (scoop:String) [], CommandNotFou
     ndException
      + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException
    
    

已尝试在系统变量的 Path 中添加了以下3条指令:
C:\Users\29164\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\python.exe
C:\Users\29164\AppData\Roaming
C:\Users\29164\scoop

问题依然存在,请问该如何解决?谢谢。

Git 教程:无法 commit

建立跟踪以后,git commit时显示“终止提交因为提交说明为空。”
代码如下:

xman-2:learn-git xman$ git status
位于分支 master

尚无提交

未跟踪的文件:
(使用 "git add <文件>..." 以包含要提交的内容)
README.md

提交为空,但是存在尚未跟踪的文件(使用 "git add" 建立跟踪)
xman-2:learn-git xman$ git add README.md
xman-2:learn-git xman$ git status
位于分支 master

尚无提交

要提交的变更:
(使用 "git rm --cached <文件>..." 以取消暂存)
新文件: README.md

xman-2:learn-git xman$ git commit
终止提交因为提交说明为空。

macOS 安装 Homebrew 中 xcodebuild -license accept 无法执行

运行到在终端输入:sudo xcodebuild -license accept后,password后面的密码无法输入,就是输入字母终端没有反应。盲输入之后回车显示tool 'xcodebuild' requires Xcode, but active developer directory '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools' is a command line tools instance。请问怎么解决?

执行 pip install jupyterlab 报错 ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info(Python 3.8)

ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.
这是报错的最后一段,整个报错非常长。

Win10 64位
pip也已成功安装:
image

推测出现这个问题可能有两个原因:

1.我安装的是Python3.8。
之后想要换成Python37,但是卸载的时候出现了问题:
image

2.之前的操作误将环境变量里的path清空,这是添加一部分path后的结果:
image

安装 Scoop 时出错 `调用“SetEnvironmentVariable”时发生异常:尝试执行未经授权的操作`

iex : 使用“3”个参数调用“SetEnvironmentVariable”时发生异常:“尝试执行未经授权的操作。” 所在位置 行:1 字符: 1 + iex (new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://ge
t.scoop.sh') + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Invoke-Expression], MethodInvocationException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : UnauthorizedAccessException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.InvokeExpressionCommand

git commit 打开编辑器之后直接提交失败

根据git基本操作流程,我进入创建readme.md文件时,在git commit阶段,命令行界面出现“终止提交因为提交说明为空”的说明,我进入编辑器输入版本描述信息保存后,命令行还是没有变化,求大神指导

macOS 安装 git 后 在 Terminal 上使用时显示 warning: could not open directory

老师好,请问在Mac安装git后,在terminal 上学习使用时,总是会显示
warning: could not open directory 'Pictures/照片图库.photoslibrary/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Application Support/CallHistoryTransactions/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Application Support/com.apple.TCC/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Application Support/CallHistoryDB/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/IdentityServices/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Messages/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/HomeKit/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Mail/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Safari/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Suggestions/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Containers/com.apple.VoiceMemos/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Containers/com.apple.Home/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Containers/com.apple.Safari/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Containers/com.apple.iChat/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Containers/com.apple.mail/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Containers/com.apple.news/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Containers/com.apple.stocks/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/PersonalizationPortrait/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Metadata/CoreSpotlight/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Cookies/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Caches/CloudKit/com.apple.Safari/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Caches/com.apple.Safari/': Operation not permitted warning: could not open directory 'Library/Caches/com.apple.Safari.SafeBrowsing/': Operation not permitted

运行 Homebrew 自检命令 brew doctor 提示 `Unexpected dylibs` 警告

Warning: Unbrewed dylibs were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected dylibs:
/usr/local/lib/libD4P11_CCB.dylib
/usr/local/lib/libD4PinPad_CCB.dylib
/usr/local/lib/libD4Token_CCB.dylib

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