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us-polling-places's Introduction

U.S. Polling Places (2012-2020)

Learn more about this data here: National data release sheds light on past polling place changes.

This data release contains standardized data on polling locations used in general elections from 2012 to 2020.

Detailed information about the source of the data and coverage is available in state specific README files. This information is also available as a machine-readable file in the manifest.yaml file for each state.

Provenance

This data was primarily acquired through public records requests to state or county election officials. In some cases, when state election officials no longer had the data, they authorized the Voting Information Project to release any available archival data that was available in their archives. The source of each election year’s data is mentioned in the state’s README file. Additionally, the state README file contains any additional caveats about the data that you need to be aware of.

This data set is only as good as the information that is provided by state and local officials. Many states permit polling places to be moved under laws permitting "emergency changes." Some of those changes may not be reflected in this dataset.

We have made our best effort to ensure that the standardized data reflects the source documents as closely as possible. However, if you find any errors or any missing data, please open an Issue or reach out to Pratheek Rebala at [email protected].

Acknowledgements

This data release is the result of a year-long effort and would not be possible without work of nearly a dozen staff members from the Center for Public Integrity & Stateline. If you find this data useful, we request that you please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Public Integrity here.

The following reporters were instrumental in preparing this dataset.

The Center for Public Integrity:

  • Carrie Levine
  • Pratheek Rebala
  • Kristian Hernández
  • Rui Kaneya
  • Alex Ellerbeck
  • Taylor Johnston
  • Kimberly Cataudella
  • Chris Zubak-Skees
  • Joe Yerardi
  • Joe Wertz
  • Sophie Austin
  • Amy DiPierro

Stateline:

  • Matt Vasilogambros
  • Tim Henderson

License & Attribution

This data is being released under a CC BY 4.0 license. You are free to copy, redistribute and adapt this data. All that we ask is that you provide appropriate credit and a link to this license. You can view the full LICENSE here.

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us-polling-places's Issues

STATUS.md Inaccuracies

This is a (non-exhaustive) list of inaccuracies in the STATUS.md file:

  • Tennessee:2018 says that data has been released, but there is no data/Tennessee folder.
  • Missouri:2014, Missouri:2016, Missouri:2018 says that data has been released, but there is no data/Missouri folder.

Add explicit notes on vote center coverage for each state

Go through Carrie's tracking sheet and for each state with vote centers for any of the years in our study period, ensure that we are detecting and accurately flagging vote centers. If we are unable to do so, explicitly mention this in the state README.

Add Colorado vote center and drop-box data

We were originally excluding CO from the analysis because CO runs all-mail elections. However, there seems to be some interest in this data to study ease-of-access to drop-boxes and vote centers.

Reach out to John Frank at [email protected] after this is done.

election_date not always present

Missing from:

Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Montana
Nebraska
New_Jersey
Oklahoma
Rhode_Island
South_Carolina
South_Dakota
Vermont
Virginia

Status as of July 2021

The documentation for the repository indicates that the September 2020 data is an "initial" data release. Additionally, STATUS.md indicates pending-style statuses for several states.

Is there currently a possibility that more data will be released in the future? If so, is there an estimate of when that might take place?

Arkansas: 2016 polling locations missing

Edit: Updated to be more accurate
data/Arkansas/README.md indicates that Arkansas should have data for 2016, but there is no such file. If you have that data available, it could be uploaded; if that data is not available, I'd be willing to make a fork and a PR that updates your documentation appropriately.

Thanks to you and your team for all the amazing effort that went into this.

STATUS.md Codes Lack Explanation

In STATUS.md a number of codes are used, but there's no clear explanation of what those codes mean. In particular:

  • Excluded leaves the question of why these years' or states' had their data excluded. Are there explanations that could be made available?
  • Data Entry and Awaiting Review leaves the question of these years' & states' statuses. Are there in-progress branches of these that could be uploaded? Who is reviewing the datasets in their current form?

Again – thanks for all this hard work 😄

Impute county_name for VIP datasets

The data we received from the Voting Information Project often does not contain county information. I have been experimenting with trying to fill these in based on the geo-codes but I've noticed a few issues with this approach:

  • Sometimes VIP data doesn't contain last_line (city, state, zip) information which makes it harder to trust the geocode output.
  • county_name is one of the fields used to validate the geocode output
  • I've also seen a couple of cases in VA where polling place geocodes that were close to the county line got placed in the wrong county.

Another, easier, approach could be to join the precinct_id columns with the open-elections dataset but we'd need to be sure that a precinct name is truly unique which isn't always the case.

Maybe a mix of the two..

Missing Missouri?

I see that Missouri's status is "Released", but the files are not in the data folder?

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