The most easiest way to handle Android Runtime Permissions.
NOTE: If you are working in Kotlin, you should check out the brand new QuickPermissions-Kotlin library - faster compile times, no gradle plugin required and works with instant-run.
Android runtime permissions was introduced in the Marshmallow (v 6.0) version of Android. It asks for permissions to user when they are running the app instead of asking for all the permissions while installing the app. It gives more control to users as they can give the permissions they want and deny to those who they do not fill comfortable with.
With this, it has increased the pain in the neck for the developer, to enable/disable features based on what permissions user has granted or denied. The model asking for permissions was design to function asynchronously, which increased the complexity of an app largely.
To make it with that, google has created it's own library easypermissions. (I didn't find it easy, but that's what they said). Still, you have to do handful of things and it's asynchronous way of handling things make it hard to manage. There are many other libraries as well to help developers easily handle it. But, all libraries has to manage it with proxy classes or managing and passing callbacks and all.
So, to solve this issue this library is created. Asking for permissions synchronous way (It looks like that, but won't block the main thread, don't worry, no ANRs, promise!). Give your method an annotation, will hold that method and asks for permission, if currently does not have the mentioned permission. And after the permissions are granted, it will continue executing the method which was on hold. As simple as that.
In your, project's build.gradle file:
buildscript {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
maven { url "http://jitpack.io/" } // <-- THIS SHOULD BE ADDED
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.1'
classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
// ...
// BELOW LINE THIS SHOULD BE ADDED
classpath 'com.github.QuickPermissions:QuickPermissions:0.3.2'
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
mavenCentral()
maven { url "http://jitpack.io/" } // <-- THIS SHOULD BE ADDED
}
}I have added comments which 3 lines should be added. As this library is using jitpack to publish this, you need to add jitpack url. If you already have, do not add that again.
In your app's build.gradle file, apply the plugin:
apply plugin: 'com.livinglifetechway.quickpermissions_plugin'
Now, read below for using directions.
Supports both
JavaandKotlin
You might need to disable Instant Run to make it work
There are several ways you can do this.
- Let the library do all the hard stuff
- You manage the rationale message showing
- You manage when permissions are permanently denied
Add this to your Activity extending AppCompatActivity or Fragment from the support library.
Add a single annotation, and you are all done. Library will manage everything, will ask for permissions, will show rationale dialog if denied and also ask to user to allow permissions from settings if user has permanently denied some permission(s) required by the method.
@WithPermissions(
permissions = {Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION}
)
public void methodWithPermissions() {
Toast.makeText(this, "Permissions granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//
// Do the stuff with permissions safely
//
// .....
}That's it! You are good to go.
Optionally, you can provide custom messages that will be shown when rationale dialog is shown, or permanently denied dialog is shown. You can pass rationaleMessage and/or permanentlyDeniedMessage to override default message.
@WithPermissions(
permissions = {Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
rationaleMessage = "Custom rational message",
permanentlyDeniedMessage = "Custom permanently denied message"
)
public void methodWithPermissions() {
Toast.makeText(this, "Permissions granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//
// Do the stuff with permissions safely
//
// .....
}NOTE: The one thing is to make sure, your function should not return anything (return type should be void), as the asking permissions is asynchronous behavior, that can not be handled in a true synchronous way.
If you don't want the library to manage the rationale dialog showing, and you want to manage it on your own, you can do that by adding a method in your activity/fragment by adding a method with single argument of type QuickPermissionsRequest and annotate it with annotation OnShowRationale . So, whenever there is need of showing a rationale dialog, you will receive a callback on this method. You can call proceed() on it, to continue the asking permissions flow or cancel() to cancel the flow.
@WithPermissions(
permissions = {Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
)
public void methodWithPermissions() {
Toast.makeText(this, "Permissions granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@OnShowRationale
public void onShowRational(final QuickPermissionsRequest arg) {
new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle("Permissions Denied")
.setMessage("These permissions are required to proceed futher. Please retry.")
.setPositiveButton("Try Now", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
arg.proceed(); // this will continue asking for the permissions for the denied once
}
})
.setNegativeButton("Close", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
arg.cancel(); // this will cancel flow and the method won't be called
}
})
.show();
}Note: These methods with annotations should be public.
If you don't want the library to manage the case where some permission(s) are permanently denied by asking it to open app settings and allow it from there, you can do that by adding a method in your activity/fragment by adding a method with single argument of type QuickPermissionsRequest and annotate it with annotation OnPermissionsPermanentlyDenied. So, whenever there is a need of showing a message or asking user to open app settings to grant permanently denied permissions, you can receive a callback on this method. You can call openAppSettings() on it to continue flow or cancel() to cancel the flow.
@WithPermissions(
permissions = {Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},
)
public void methodWithPermissions() {
Toast.makeText(this, "Permissions granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@OnPermissionsPermanentlyDenied
public void whenPermissionsArePermanentlyDenied(final QuickPermissionsRequest arg) {
new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle("Permissions Permanently Denied")
.setMessage("These permissions are required to proceed futher. Please allow from app settings")
.setPositiveButton("Settings", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
// this will open app settings for allowing permissions and wait for the results
arg.openAppSettings();
}
})
.setNegativeButton("Close", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
arg.cancel(); // this will cancel flow and the method won't be called
}
})
.show();
}You can also combine the above methods to change your flow. Like, if you want to manage rationale and permissions permanently denied case, you can add both the methods with appropriate annotations on it and you will receive a callback.
On, above methods, there is an additional method callback, if you want to handle something when asking permission flow is complete and some permissions are still missing. With permissions still not being granted, the original method can not be called. So you want to show users a message or do something to tell them that this functionality will not work or like that, you can do so with @OnPermissionsDenied annotation.
For example,
@OnPermissionsDenied
public void onDenied(QuickPermissionsRequest arg) {
Toast.makeText(
this,
"Without permissions, this feature will not be available",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
).show();
}Summary of the annotations you can use
| Annotation | Method Arguments (if any) | Description |
|---|---|---|
@WithPermissions |
Annotate a method with this annotations and pass the permissions array. It will handle all the things by itself. Return type should be voidArguments you can pass: * permissions - list of permissions as array* rationaleMessage - A custom message to be shown, when rationale dialog is shown* permanentlyDeniedMessage - A custom message to be shown, when permanently denied dialog is shown* handleRationale - Default true. Indicates weather rationale case should be handled or not* handlePermanentlyDenied - Default true. Indicates weather permanently denied permission(s) case should be handled or not |
|
@OnShowRationale |
QuickPermissionsRequest |
Annotate a method with this annotation when you want to handle rationale case. The (public) method should have one argument of type QuickPermissionsRequest. If handleRationale was set to false, this method will not be called. |
@OnPermissionsPermanentlyDenied |
QuickPermissionsRequest |
Annotate a method with this annotation when you want to handle permanently permissions denied case. The (public) method should have one argument of type QuickPermissionsRequest. If handlePermanentlyDeniedwas set to false, this method will not be called. |
@OnPermissionsDenied |
QuickPermissionsRequest |
(Public) Method with this annotation will be called when permissions are not granted after the flow is complete. The method should have one argument of type QuickPermissionsRequest. |
Have any questions, or any trouble? Create an issue.
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