Performance Comparison of Jax-RS implementations and embedded containers

Gajotres have written an article: Top 8 Java RESTful Micro Frameworks. He listed 8 best light weight Java RESTful framework. Personally, I perfer jax-rs implementations and micro frameworks for deploying applications as micro services and those micro services can be deployed in docker containers.

So I have test five Jax-RS implementations plus embedded containers despite business logics. The RESTful service is very simple and it only returns a "hello world" string. Remember, tests don't contain any business logics even JSON libraries. There are other articles to dicuss serialization framework. For example, my test

I have added more RESTful framework besides Jax-RS implementation, which contains:

• Spring-boot
• RESTEasy + Netty4
• Native Netty
• Vert.x
• Go

You can check the test result and the performancre chart.

It is a multiple-module maven project. You can run "mvn package" in parent directory to packge each module. It generates a fat-jar in target directories of modules for each module. It is easy.

Server AWS C3.2xlarge

• 8 cores (E5-2666 v3 @ 2.90GHz)
• memory: 16G (only allocate 4G for restful applications)

Java 1.8.0_51

Test tool wrk the test cmd is like: wrk -t16 -c1000 -d30s http://127.0.0.1:8080/rest/hello . I use 16 threads and 100/200/500/1000 connnections to test each case.

Starting Server

java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar jersey-grizzly2-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar jersey-jetty-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar dropwizard-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar hello.yml 
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar resteasy-netty-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar 
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar resteasy-undertow-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar springboot-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar resteasy-netty4-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar 
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar nativenetty-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar vertx-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -Xmx4g -Xms4g -jar swagger-light-java-1.0.0.jar

Test data is here

It looks Resteasy is better than jersey whatever jersey uses grizzly2 or jetty container.

It is predictable that performance of dropwizard is same to jersey+jetty.

Resteasy is excellent in undertow and netty.

To my surprise is resteasy+undertow is a little better than resteasy+netty. Maybe they are all developed by JBoss and they have done some optimization.

I do not recommend you use spring boot in large projects because its performance and style.

Of course native netty is number one but my test has not contains a http router so maybe you can't say it is RESTful framework. But I like its perforamnce.

Performance of RESTEasy+netty4 is lower than what i expect. but RESTEasy+netty3 is very good.

One interesting framework is Vert.x. I like its functional programming style but its performance is not so good.

I have not monitored the CPU usage and memory usage. You can try it.

• 2015/11/19 add native go, go-restful codes